Gain Enhancement of Patch Antenna Using Fabry-PéRot Cavity with Two-Layer Partially Reflecting Surface

Abstract

This study proposes a metasurface-based Fabry-Perot cavity (FPC) antenna for gain enhancement of a microstrip patch antenna operating at 5.8 GHz. A two-layer partially reflective surface (PRS) is designed using a unit-cell approach and analyzed in terms of its reflection magnitude and phase characteristics. The optimized PRS is extended into a finite 7 × 7 array and integrated with a conventional inset-fed patch antenna to form a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and the influence of cavity height on the electromagnetic performance is systematically investigated. The related simulated results demonstrate that the proposed configuration significantly enhances the antenna gain, increasing from 1.96 dBi to 7.9 dBi, compared to the standalone patch antenna. Despite its simple and low-complexity structure, the proposed design achieves substantial gain enhancement, making it a practical and effective solution for sub-6 GHz wireless communication applications.