Jul 2026· World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology· Vol 42· 0 citations· 50 references
Medicine
TL;DR
Systems-level mechanistic insight is provided into microbial selenite tolerance with implications for bioremediation of selenium-contaminated environments and the view that microbial selenium tolerance is controlled by regulated physiological responses and not solely by passive detoxification is supported.
It is suggested that Al3+ modulates S. baumii growth and metabolism in a dose-dependent manner, with redox remodeling as a potential mechanism, offering novel insights into fungal metal adaptation and the targeted modulation of medicinal metabolite production.
Xinyu Tong, Anxin Wang, Zeng-Ran Liu et al.· Journal of Fungi· 0 citations
Cesium (Cs) contamination has become an increasing environmental concern because of its high mobility, persistence, and ecological risks. Mosses have attracted considerable attention as bioindicators owing to their high environmental sensitivity; however, their responses to Cs remain poorly understood. In this study, the moss Hypnum plumaeforme was exposed to Cs+ (5, 50 and 500 mg L−1) stress, and its morphological characteristics, antioxidant responses, photosynthetic performance and metabolomic alterations were comprehensively investigated. Low Cs+ exposure induced early oxidative signaling by increased H2O2 accumulation and slight stimulation of photosynthesis, whereas moderate stress triggered pronounced superoxide production and activation of antioxidant defenses. High Cs+ exposure caused severe cellular deformation, disruption of photosystem II, excessive hydroxyl radical accumulation, and collapse of the coordinated antioxidant–osmotic regulatory network. Untargeted LC–MS metabolomics further revealed substantial metabolic reprogramming under severe stress, including inhibition of carbon metabolism, significant enrichment of tryptophan metabolism, and accumulation of defensive secondary metabolites, indicating a shift in metabolic resources from growth toward stress defense. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the physiological responses of H. plumaeforme to Cs+ in a concentration-dependent manner. The high sensitivity of oxidative biomarkers, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and metabolic signatures highlights the potential of H. plumaeforme as a bioindicator for assessment of cesium contamination.
Si-Yu Sun, Binjie Zhou, Xin Liu et al.· Plants· 0 citations
With the ubiquity of lithium‐ion batteries, lithium has emerged as a critical environmental contaminant, yet the mechanisms of its toxicity and tolerance in plants remain poorly understood. This study investigates the physiological and molecular responses of the C4 model crop foxtail millet (
Setaria italica
) to LiCl stress. Physiological analyses revealed a concentration‐dependent effect: while low Li
+
levels activated the antioxidant system, exposure to 50 mg/L LiCl triggered a severe oxidative burst, leading to the suppression of antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, POD, CAT), lipid peroxidation, and significant growth inhibition. Transcriptomic profiling of the cultivar “Jingu 21” identified 1562 commonly regulated differentially expressed genes, indicating that Li
+
stress disrupts Na
+
/K
+
homeostasis and reprograms metabolic pathways, including the upregulation of branched‐chain amino acid degradation and plant‐pathogen interaction pathways. To validate these findings, we analyzed five additional cultivars exhibiting differential tolerance. Comparative analysis demonstrated that the robust tolerance observed in “Jigu 22” correlated with the strong induction of key genes‐specifically the transcription factor
SiBHLH148
, the vacuolar transporter
SiNHX1
, and the lipid transfer protein
SiDIR1
‐
suggesting
their pivotal roles in maintaining ROS homeostasis and ion compartmentalization. These results elucidate the molecular basis of LiCl adaptation in foxtail millet and provide crucial genetic targets for breeding crops resilient to lithium pollution.
Wei-Juan Zhou, Yitong Zhao, Jie Zheng et al.· Food and Energy Security· 0 citations
Although Akanthomyces attenuatus JEF-147 exhibits high virulence against the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae), its molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigated fungal gene expression during early pathogenesis to elucidate how JEF-147 overcomes host defenses. Treatment on adults significantly suppressed descendant nymph populations. RNA-sequencing revealed time-dependent transcriptomic shifts: at 36-h after treatment, DEGs were primarily associated with transcription and translation, whereas 72-h samples showed activation of genes related to pathogenesis and stress management. Pathway analysis indicated that 72-h DEGs were enriched in metabolic pathways, suggesting JEF-147 maximizes energy production (TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation) and reinforces cell walls (glucan biosynthesis). The fungus actively utilizes host-derived fatty acids and proteins while maintaining homeostasis via the glutathione pathway. Furthermore, enrichment in vacuolar degradation pathways including autophagy and endocytosis in 72-h samples suggests active digestion of host nutrients. It was partially supported via LC-MS/MS analysis of fungal supernatants from a saprophytic culture. Our results suggest a two-stage infection strategy: an initial 36-h phase focused on hyphal growth and penetration, followed by a 72-h transition to counteracting host defenses through up-regulation of virulence and stress management-related genes. This work provides critical insights into the infection mechanisms of mite-pathogenic fungi.
Yejin Choi, Suyeon Jin, Gahyeon Song et al.· Journal of Invertebrate Path...· 0 citations
The integrated regulatory network uncovered in this study provides promising candidate targets for breeding Pb-tolerant hyperaccumulators to remediate Pb-contaminated farmland and mining soil.
Wei-San Meng, L. Qiu, Yueli Du et al.· Plants· 0 citations
With the increasing prevalence of antibiotic–heavy metal co-contamination in agricultural wastewater, elucidating the antibiotic removal capacity of degrading bacteria under heavy metal stress, as well as their adaptive mechanisms, is of considerable theoretical significance and practical value. In this study, the highly efficient TYL-degrading strain TYL-A1 was selected as a model organism, and the effects of Pb2+ exposure on its TYL removal performance, oxidative stress response, cell surface characteristics, and transcriptional regulation were systematically investigated. The results showed that TYL removal remained above 85% after 72 h under a nominal Pb2+ concentration of 100 mg/L in the phosphate-containing MSM system. The phosphate may have reduced Pb2+ bioavailability. Nominal Pb2+ exposure increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), accompanied by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content. This indicates that the strain experienced pronounced oxidative stress and altered energy metabolism. Meanwhile, cell membrane permeability increased. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses showed that the overall cellular morphology remained intact, whereas the membrane surface structure and related cellular components underwent adaptive changes. According to a transcriptomic analysis, the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in pathways associated with primary metabolism, transmembrane transport, ABC transporters, and two-component systems. In summary, strain TYL-A1 maintained high TYL removal performance under the tested nominal Pb2+ concentrations in the present phosphate-containing culture system, suggesting its potential applicability in the bioremediation of water bodies co-contaminated with antibiotics and heavy metals.
Ye Wang, Heshi Tian, Xi-Qing Zhang et al.· Antioxidants· 0 citations
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