Queilite actínica como fator de risco para o câncer de boca e sua incidência em regiões geograficamente situadas próximas à linha do Equador: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Actinic cheilitis (AC) is a premalignant lesion caused by chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and is considered a risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma. Studies indicate a higher prevalence of the lesion in individuals exposed to the sun for long periods, such as rural workers and fishermen. This paper reviews the literature on the relationship between AC and oral cancer, focusing on its incidence in regions close to the Equator Line, where solar radiation is more intense. AC represents a public health problem, requiring preventive measures and early diagnosis to avoid its malignant progression. Objective: To understand the relationship between the incidence of the disease and environmental factors, highlighting the importance of prevention, early diagnosis and intervention strategies to minimize associated risks. Methodology: A bibliographic review was carried out by searching for scientific articles published between 2008 and 2025, indexed in PubMed, SciELO and other relevant sources, such as scientific journals and specialized newspapers. The selection of materials considered criteria of thematic relevance, currentness and methodological quality.