FinGraph-MAR: A Graph Retrieval-Augmented Multi-Agent Framework for Intelligent Financial Back-Office Automation and SaaS Revenue Management
Abstract
The increasing complexity of financial back-office operations and SaaS revenue management has created significant challenges for intelligent automation, particularly in transaction processing, billing verification, revenue recognition, compliance monitoring, and operational decision-making. Existing robotic process automation (RPA) systems mainly rely on predefined workflows and struggle to handle dynamic business relationships, heterogeneous financial data, and knowledge-intensive tasks involving customers, contracts, subscriptions, transactions, and regulatory requirements. To address these limitations, this study proposes FinGraph-MAR (Financial Graph-based Multi-Agent Reasoning), a graph retrieval-augmented multi-agent framework for intelligent financial back-office automation and SaaS revenue management. The proposed framework constructs a heterogeneous financial-SaaS knowledge graph to model entities, events, business relationships, and operational rules, and introduces a hybrid graph-semantic retrieval mechanism to provide relationship-aware contextual knowledge for large language model (LLM)-based agents. Furthermore, FinGraph-MAR integrates a multi-agent collaboration architecture consisting of task planning, transaction analysis, revenue management, risk assessment, compliance verification, execution, and audit agents, together with a risk-constrained decision gate for reliable automated operations. Experimental results on four publicly available datasets, including FinQA, TAT-QA, UCI Online Retail, and IBM Telco Customer Churn, demonstrate that FinGraph-MAR achieves 95.6% task understanding accuracy, 94.9% F1-score, and 97.1% workflow completion rate, outperforming rule-based RPA, standalone LLM, conventional RAG, LLM+RPA, and Graph RAG+LLM baselines. Ablation experiments further confirm the contributions of graph retrieval, multi-agent collaboration, risk gating, and audit feedback.