Jul 2026· Emirates International University Journal· 0 citations· 19 references
TL;DR
This review examines the major security threats affecting cloud computing environments, including data breaches, account hijacking, insider threats, insecure application programming interfaces (APIs), cloud misconfigurations, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, multi-tenancy risks, and regulatory compliance issues.
Abstract
Cloud computing has become a fundamental paradigm for delivering scalable, flexible, and cost-effective computing resources through Internet-based platforms. Its rapid adoption across various sectors has enhanced operational efficiency, resource utilization, and service delivery. Despite these advantages, cloud environments continue to face significant security challenges that threaten the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data and services. This review examines the major security threats affecting cloud computing environments, including data breaches, account hijacking, insider threats, insecure application programming interfaces (APIs), cloud misconfigurations, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, multi-tenancy risks, and regulatory compliance issues. The study also analyzes the security implications associated with different cloud services and deployment models. Furthermore, it reviews contemporary security mechanisms and mitigation strategies, including encryption techniques, Identity and Access Management (IAM), Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), Zero Trust Architecture (ZTA), Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM), Artificial Intelligence-based security systems, DevSecOps practices, and Confidential Computing. In addition, the strengths and limitations of existing approaches are critically discussed, while emerging trends, research gaps, and future research directions are highlighted. By synthesizing recent developments in cloud security, this review provides researchers, practitioners, and decision-makers with a comprehensive understanding of current challenges and promising solutions for securing modern cloud computing environments.
Cloud Computing has completely transformed the way businesses operate today with its scalability, flexibility, and cost efficiency. Cloud platforms have become a key component for organizations in various sectors to store data, deploy software, manage infrastructure, and implement digital transformation efforts. But the adoption of cloud computing has made it extremely challenging to deal with several security concerns like data breach, cyberattacks, unauthorized access, insider threats, and compliance concerns. The research paper employs secondary data collection and thematic analysis to critically discuss challenges of cloud security and risk management approaches in contemporary cloud computing environment. A thorough literature review of the scholarly papers from 2015 to 2023 is conducted to assess cybersecurity threats, cloud vulnerabilities, identity management systems, encryption technologies, compliance frameworks, and artificial intelligence-based threat detection systems.Peer reviewed journal articles, conference papers and industry reports were analysed using the method of themed analysis, which identified themes that appeared repeatedly throughout. The results show that cloud environments are still very susceptible to advanced cyberattacks, ranging from weak authentication and insecure APIs to misconfigured cloud services and inadequate governance. The study also points out the effectiveness of modern technologies like multi-factor authentication, zero-trust security models, artificial intelligence, and encryption enhance cloud security performance. But there are still issues in the way of the organizations' operations regarding regulatory compliance, data governance and shared security responsibilities.The study demonstrates that the key factors to achieving effective cloud security are continuous monitoring, robust governance policies, employee awareness training, and high-level cybersecurity frameworks. The study adds to the body of knowledge about the security of cloud computing, and offers practical suggestions for any organization working in the cloud.
Veeramani Sampathkumar, Dinesh Kumar Ramaraj, Rajesh Kotha et al.· International journal of com...· 0 citations
Cloud computing has revolutionized the IT industry by offering scalable and cost-effective solutions for data storage and processing. However, the security of data transmission in cloud environments remains a critical concern. This paper explores various protocols and mechanisms employed to secure data transmission in cloud computing. It examines encryption techniques, authentication protocols, secure transmission standards, and emerging security frameworks. We discuss challenges such as man-in-the-middle attacks, data breaches, and insider threats while analyzing existing security measures and their effectiveness. The study also explores advancements in cryptographic approaches, AI-driven security models, and quantum cryptography to enhance secure data transmission. Through a comprehensive literature review and methodological analysis, this paper presents insights into best practices and future directions in cloud security. The findings emphasize the importance of an integrated security approach that combines traditional security mechanisms with cutting-edge innovations. The conclusions highlight the necessity of continuous advancements in security protocols to combat evolving cyber threats and ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of cloud-based data transmission.
Sophie Turner, Robert Miller· International Journal of Dat...· 0 citations
Cloud computing has revolutionized the IT industry by offering scalable and cost-effective solutions for data storage and processing. However, the security of data transmission in cloud environments remains a critical concern. This paper explores various protocols and mechanisms employed to secure data transmission in cloud computing. It examines encryption techniques, authentication protocols, secure transmission standards, and emerging security frameworks. We discuss challenges such as man-in-the-middle attacks, data breaches, and insider threats while analyzing existing security measures and their effectiveness. The study also explores advancements in cryptographic approaches, AI-driven security models, and quantum cryptography to enhance secure data transmission. Through a comprehensive literature review and methodological analysis, this paper presents insights into best practices and future directions in cloud security. The findings emphasize the importance of an integrated security approach that combines traditional security mechanisms with cutting-edge innovations. The conclusions highlight the necessity of continuous advancements in security protocols to combat evolving cyber threats and ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of cloud-based data transmission.
Rohit Malhotra, Sneha Banerjee· International Journal of Mod...· 0 citations
As cloud computing continues to grow and become integral to business operations, securing cloud environments has emerged as a critical concern. This paper explores the multifaceted challenges of cloud security and proposes solutions to mitigate these risks. We discuss the inherent vulnerabilities of cloud infrastructure, the complexities of data protection, and the difficulties in maintaining compliance and governance. Specifically, we address issues such as data breaches, insider threats, and the lack of visibility and control in cloud environments. Through comprehensive analysis and experimental data, we demonstrate the effectiveness of various security measures, including encryption, access control, Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) systems, and automated compliance management tools, in enhancing cloud security. The findings highlight best practices and strategies to safeguard cloud environments against evolving cyber threats, ensuring data integrity, confidentiality, and regulatory compliance.
The growing adoption of Cloud Computing has profoundly transformed the management of IT infrastructures by providing flexible, scalable, and on-demand accessible resources. Among the various cloud computing service models, Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) enables organizations to outsource their computing, networking, and storage resources to cloud providers. However, this outsourcing raises significant security concerns, particularly regarding the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of stored data. This paper presents an analytical study of storage security techniques in IaaS environments and examines the main threats that may affect data hosted in the cloud, including unauthorized access, misconfigurations, insider threats, and cyber attacks. Particular attention is given to cryptographic mechanisms used to protect data, including symmetric, asymmetric, and hybrid encryption techniques, as well as client-side and server-side encryption approaches. Based on this analysis, an enhanced secure storage architecture is proposed. This architecture relies on three main techniques: client-side data encryption using AES-256, encryption key protection through RSA, and the use of a Key Management System (KMS). It also incorporates secure communication protocols and enhanced authentication mechanisms. The objective is to ensure effective data protection while preserving the advantages provided by cloud infrastructures. The results of this study highlight the importance of combining robust encryption techniques, secure key management, and appropriate access control mechanisms to strengthen trust in cloud storage solutions. Finally, emerging approaches such as homomorphic encryption and Zero Trust architectures are presented as promising directions for future developments in cloud security.
Yahaya Coulibaly, Ouedraogo Paloute Karim Charlemagne, Ouedraogo Yann Christian Florian et al.· International Journal of Lat...· 0 citations
Cloud computing has emerged as a transformative paradigm for delivering scalable, flexible, and cost-effective computing services over the Internet. As organizations increasingly rely on cloud platforms for data storage, application hosting, and resource management, ensuring secure access to cloud resources has become a critical challenge. Authentication and authorization mechanisms play a fundamental role in protecting cloud environments by verifying user identities and regulating access privileges. This paper presents a comprehensive review of user authentication and authorization techniques in cloud computing. The study examines widely adopted authentication approaches, including password-based, multi-factor, biometric, and behavioral authentication methods, as well as authorization models such as Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC), and Mandatory Access Control (MAC). Furthermore, recent advancements in artificial intelligence-driven authentication, fine-grained access control, graphical authentication systems, and cloud security frameworks are reviewed and analyzed. The findings indicate a significant transition from traditional security mechanisms toward intelligent, adaptive, and context-aware solutions that enhance security, usability, and access management. The review highlights that multi-factor authentication, biometric technologies, behavioral analytics, and attribute-based authorization frameworks offer improved protection against evolving cyber threats and represent promising directions for securing modern cloud computing environments.
C. Patel· International Journal of Mod...· 0 citations
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