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Comparison of the conceptual framework node of knowledge (NOK) with large language models (LLM)

Martina Ašenbrener Katić Marina Rauker Koch A. Jakupović
2026 · Zbornik Veleučilišta u Rijeci · 0 citations · 54 references

TL;DR

Comparisons of large language models with a system built using the Node of Knowledge conceptual framework revealed similarities and differences between the systems, which are presented in this paper.

Abstract

A system based on the conceptual framework Node of Knowledge (NOK) enables the recording ofnatural language sentences and questions in the NOK relational database, as well as the retrievalof answers to those questions. Large Language Models (LLMs) are designed for the same purpose:to provide answers to questions. Therefore, comparing large language models with a system builtusing the Node of Knowledge conceptual framework is an important research question. This paperaddresses this by comparing these two systems. Among large language models, GPT was selectedfor comparison as it is one of the most widely used models. The comparison was conducted in twoparts. First, the process models of the two systems were compared. Second, an analysis was performedon the answers produced by the NOK-based system and by ChatGPT, representing large languagemodels, for a selected natural language sentence and set of questions. All comparison elementsrevealed similarities and differences between the systems, which are presented in this paper.

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