Sustainable Reverse Logistics and Operational Performance: A Conceptual Framework
Abstract
Sustainable Reverse Logistics (SRL) has become increasingly important for manufacturing firms seeking to improve operational efficiency while responding to growing environmental and sustainability pressures. This conceptual study examines the potential contribution of SRL practices to operational performance by integrating insights from the Sustainable Reverse Logistics and sustainable supply chain literature. Particular attention is given to three core SRL practices: return management, reuse and recycling, and waste management. These practices are conceptually linked to operational outcomes such as cost efficiency, productivity, process effectiveness, resource utilisation, and responsiveness. Drawing on the Resource-Based View (RBV) and Natural Resource-Based View (NRBV), the study proposes that SRL practices can be regarded as strategic organisational capabilities that enable firms to recover value, minimise waste, optimise resource utilisation, and strengthen operational processes. The framework further considers Sustainable Supply Chain Initiatives (SSCI) as complementary capabilities that may reinforce the contribution of SRL practices to operational performance. Although firms may face barriers related to financial resources, technological capability, infrastructure, technical expertise, organisational coordination, and managerial commitment, the effective integration of SRL and broader sustainability initiatives may strengthen operational resilience and competitiveness. The study develops an integrated conceptual framework and propositions that provide a theoretical foundation for future empirical investigation in manufacturing contexts