ELECTROMAGNETIC MODELING OF KINETIC ALFVÉN SOLITARY WAVES IN LOW-β MAGNETIZED PLASMA MATERIALS FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS

Abstract

This study analyzes low-amplitude kinetic Alfvén waves (KAWs) in a theoretical magnetized plasma in which ions and electrons are modeled using a regularized kappa distribution (RKD). The RKD was adopted to address limitations of the classical kappa model. A Korteweg–de Vries model, derived via a multiple-scale perturbation method, was then applied to investigate weakly nonlinear kinetic Alfvén waves. The results show that increasing the spectral index  reduces soliton amplitude and width, indicating weaker nonlinearity in more Maxwellian-like plasmas. Conversely, larger values of  (the regularization parameter) increase soliton amplitude and spatial extent by extending the supra-thermal tail. Higher plasma β broadens the soliton without affecting amplitude, while variations in wave propagation angle l_z demonstrate that waves propagating nearly parallel to the magnetic field are more localized and intense. The parallel electric field shows a corresponding sensitivity to these parameters, highlighting the competition between nonlinear steepening and dispersive spreading. Overall, the study establishes predictive criteria for compressive KASWs in RKD plasmas, demonstrating how the parameters of the regularized kappa distribution, which govern microscopic electron dynamics, directly influence macroscopic wave characteristics and Alfvénic energy transport in realistic plasma environments.