Role of Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography in Angle Closure Glaucoma

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the anterior chamber angles in acute angle closure glaucoma for early detection and prompt treatment. Study Design: Prospective Analytical study Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Jan 2023 to Aug 2024. Methodology: This study involved 34 participants of both genders between 42 to 59 years of age.  Based on AS-OCT (DRI OCT Triton 2000), Posterior corneal surface, scleral spur and anterior iris surface were identified as key angle structures. The anterior chamber angles were graded according to Shaffer system and very narrow angles (≤10°) were included. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured on slit lamp mounted Goldmann tonometer. Both were measured before and after laser iridotomy. Zeiss slit lamp Q-switched Nd:YAG laser was used for the peripheral iridotomy. Data was analyzed using SPSS. Results: A total of 34 participants were included in the study with a mean age of 51.8 years, ranging from 42 to 59 years. The intra ocular pressure was significantly reduced and anterior chamber angle were open within 34 patients, of whom 73.5% were female. Pre-operative mean IOP was 45.1 mmHg, and the AS-OCT angle increased from a mean of 6.7° to 42.8° post-operatively. Conclusion: This study concludes that, AS-OCT aids in the diagnosis of acute angle closure glaucoma by measuring anterior chamber angles for early detection and treatment.