Triple‐Cage Structure Spatial Confinement Design Enables All‐Day Thermal Management and Water‐Electricity Cogeneration

Abstract

Traditional radiative cooling materials rely on high solar reflectivity and atmospheric window emissivity, yet their sustained and limited cooling power struggles to meet practical demands. This paper proposes an (adsorption‐evaporation) thermal management material (PLMW) that achieves self‐regulation through heat changes generated during the material's moisture adsorption and evaporation processes. Coupling adsorption‐evaporation with radiative cooling effectively enhances the daytime cooling effect while mitigating nighttime supercooling phenomena. PLMW achieves cooling performance of 14.3°C below ambient temperature at approximately 1000 W m − 2 , while exhibiting heating performance 9.0°C above ambient temperature during nighttime. Energy consumption simulations demonstrate that its thermal management characteristics significantly reduce energy waste from continuous cooling, achieving annual net energy savings in most Chinese cities. Furthermore, by integrating PLMW with electrodes and water collectors, the system demonstrates the practical capability of simultaneous freshwater (>500 g m − 2 h − 1 evaporation rate) and electricity generation (400–600 mV) without compromising its thermal management performance. This work provides a novel paradigm for thermal management and paves the way for sustainable, synergistic water‐electricity cogeneration.