Assessment of Development Control Practices in Ogun State, Nigeria: Public Perceptions and Challenges to Planning Regulation Enforcement

Abstract

This study assessed the enforcement of planning regulations on physical development in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study examined the existing legal and institutional framework, compliance levels, factors influencing compliance, and challenges affecting enforcement. A mixed-methods research design was adopted, with data obtained through questionnaires, interviews, field observations, and document review. A total of 180 respondents were selected from Abeokuta South, Ado-Odo/Ota, and Sagamu Local Government Areas. The findings revealed that 80.0% of respondents were aware of planning regulations, while compliance was predominantly moderate (55.6%), with 35.6% reporting low compliance. The major development control violations were encroachment on setbacks (37.2%), building without approved plans (31.1%), and land-use conversion (22.8%). Lack of logistics and transportation (Mean = 4.333), inadequate manpower (Mean = 4.217), and corruption among officials (Mean = 4.111) were identified as the major challenges to effective enforcement. The study concludes that although planning regulations and institutional structures exist, enforcement effectiveness is constrained by operational and institutional weaknesses. Strengthening planning institutions, improving logistics and manpower, and ensuring transparent and consistent enforcement are recommended to improve compliance and promote sustainable physical development in Ogun State.