Multiple access free space optical communications with integral adaptive optics through solid state beam directing

Abstract

The Solid State Beam Director (SSBD) marks a significant advancement in laser communication technology, offering precise and efficient electronic steering of large diameter laser beams. With a wide field of regard and significantly reduced size, weight, and power (SWaP) compared to mechanical solutions, the SSBD has demonstrated the ability to track multiple moving targets, enabling dynamic communication in a true time division multiple access (TDMA) mesh network. By combining a spatial light modulator (SLM) with wide-angle liquid crystal polarization gratings (LCPGs), the SSBD provides dynamic control of beam divergence and wavefront correction in addition to beam steering. Here, we present the design and characterization of a SSBD prototype, including laboratory demonstrations of adaptive wavefront correction, TDMA tracking of three independent targets, and simulated make-before-break acquisition. These innovative capabilities, combined with inherently low SWaP requirements, make the SSBD a powerful technology for future optical networks of mobile ground, air, and space assets.