Multi-omics analysis to uncover constitutive priming and dynamic metabolic reprogramming conferring white rust resistance in Brassica juncea

Comparative multi-omics uncover conserved and lineage-specific defense strategies to southern corn rust in temperate and tropical maize

Both shared and distinct genetic pathways underlying SCR resistance are unveiled and the value of tropical germplasm in breeding for durable resistance is underscored.

Development of KASP marker to enhance breeding efficiency for phytophthora blight resistance in sesame through QTL analysis.

These findings establish qPB10 as the primary locus governing Phytophthora blight resistance in sesame, and kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers were developed based on sequence polymorphisms within the qPB10 interval that reliably discriminates resistant genotypes.

Rapid transcriptional reprogramming underlies Fusarium wilt resistance in strawberry: insights from comparative physiological and transcriptomic analyses

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae (Fof) severely constrains strawberry production, yet the underlying resistance mechanisms remain unclear. A total of 64 strawberry germplasm accessions were evaluated for Fusarium wilt resistance. Integrated physiological and transcriptomic analyses were subsequently performed using the highly resistant cultivar ‘Akihime’ (ZJ) and the highly susceptible cultivar ‘Ning Yu’ (NY). Resistant resources were abundant, particularly among wild strawberry accessions. Compared with NY, ZJ exhibited higher soluble sugar accumulation, reduced oxidative damage, and increased peroxidase (POD) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activities. Transcriptomic analyses revealed distinct temporal response patterns: ZJ underwent rapid and extensive transcriptional reprogramming at 24 h post-inoculation, whereas NY showed limited early responses but pronounced changes at 120 h. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses indicated that the early response of ZJ was mainly associated with stress-related processes, jasmonic acid-mediated signaling, transmembrane transport, plant–pathogen interaction, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, glutathione metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and secondary metabolism. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) validation supported the RNA-seq results and identified candidate genes associated with pathogen recognition, signaling, redox regulation, and protein homeostasis. These results indicate that rapid early immune activation and coordinated physiological and metabolic reprogramming are closely associated with strawberry resistance to Fof and provide useful germplasm and candidate genes for future functional validation and resistance breeding.

Integrated Analysis of Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Responses in Rice Resisting False Smut

Comprehensive whole genome hybrid assembly unravels genes and secretome of Albugo candida (Indian isolate), causing white rust disease in Brassica juncea

White rust disease elicited by the biotrophic pathogen Albugo candida is a leading cause of yield losses in oilseed Brassica crops, especially in the widely cultivated Brassica juncea . In the present investigation, the high-quality draft genome of a virulent Ac2V race of A. candida infecting B. juncea was sequenced using Illumina and Nanopore technologies. The raw data were assembled into a genome of 36.88 Mb with 415 scaffolds and N50 = 301.91 kb. The variant analysis showed 124,974 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with an average density of 3.3 SNP per kb genome against the Ac2VPB reference assembly. Approximately 24.29% of the genome was constituted of repetitive elements, including 1,039 SSRs. A total number of 13,715 coding genes were revealed in the genome with an average distribution of 359.03 genes per Mb. Out of these predicted genes, 11,556 were annotated based on sequence homology and 355 were predicted as effectors with no transmembrane domain and N-terminal signal peptide. The annotation of 355 effectors revealed that 141 of them had homologs, while the remaining 214 were novel. Depending on the conserved motifs, these effectors were characterized, and their role in pathogenesis was established through qPCR in B. juncea . Additionally, phylogenetic analysis through average nucleotide identity revealed a similarity of 99.6% between the Canadian and Indian Ac2V isolate. Furthermore, 62 new contigs were identified in the Indian isolate that showed no sequence similarity to the Canadian isolate, suggesting variation within the race. Altogether, the present work provides genomic resources and framework for the dissection of this pathogen, which will refine our understanding of the Albugo – Brassica interaction.

Integrated multi-omics analysis of resistant and susceptible Brassica napus roots reveals phenylpropanoid biosynthesis associated with clubroot resistance.

Findings reveal cultivar-dependent multi-omics differences accompanying contrasting clubroot phenotypes under natural field infection conditions and provide a basis for future studies of clubroot resistance in B. napus.