The Chinese Space-station Survey Telescope (CSST) is a flagship mission designed to carry out a large-area high-resolution multiband imaging and slitless spectroscopic survey over a decade. The survey's science drivers, ranging from precision cosmology to stellar astrophysics, impose stringent requirements on the performance of its focal plane detectors. This paper is the first in a series that present ground-based characterization of the 31 flight-model charge-coupled devices (CCDs) of the CSST Survey Camera. Measurements of basic electro-optical performance are reported here. Key results include: full-well capacity>80 ke (limited by the test electronics), non-linearity<1.4% in the range of 7-70 ke, median readout noise 3.6 e, dark current<0.02 e/pix/s at the operating temperature of -85 degree celsius, high quantum efficiency across the survey's spectral range (255-1000 nm), typical pixel response non-uniformity<1%, and charge transfer efficiency>99.9994% at the flat-field level of 10 ke. All 31 CCDs meet or exceed the Survey Camera's specifications. These measurements establish a performance baseline and provide inputs for CSST image simulation and data processing pipelines
Ultracool dwarfs are promising targets for detecting and characterising temperate terrestrial exoplanets. Their flux peaks in the near-infrared, beyond the wavelength cut-off of the silicon-based CCDs used by ground-based surveys dedicated to observing them, such as SPECULOOS. We present the on-sky performance of SPIRI...
Clàudia Janó-Muñoz, M. Hooton, P. Pedersen et al.· 1 citation
Germanium charge-coupled devices (Ge-CCDs) extend CCD imaging beyond the silicon cutoff and are candidate detectors for the near-infrared channel of future astronomical instruments, in particular the spectrographs of next-generation wide-field surveys. We report the laboratory characterization at Brookhaven National La...
The Multi-mode Autonomous Terminal for Compatible Hybrid-optics (MATCH), operated by Wuhan University and located at Lenghu, is a 1-m Ritchey--Chr\'etien telescope equipped with imaging and spectroscopic instruments. MATCH has been in trial operation since October 2025. In this work, we present the telescope and instru...
We present the design, implementation, and initial performance of a highly multiplexed cryogenic superconducting detector readout system in the context of its deployment to the Simons Observatory large-aperture telescope (LAT). The Simons Observatory is a cosmic microwave background experiment located at 5,200 m in Chi...
T. Satterthwaite, T. Pinsonneault-Marotte, S. Henderson et al.· 0 citations
Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) have emerged as the core photoelectric detection components in next-generation imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope cameras because of their high gain, compact structure, and robust immunity toward magnetic fields. Therefore, accurately characterizing the performance of SiPMs is high...
Zhi-Qiang Zhu, Tian-Lu Chen, Mao-Mao Ge et al.· Journal of Instrumentation· 0 citations
The Simons Observatory (SO) is a cosmic microwave background (CMB) survey experiment observing from an altitude of 5,200 m in the Atacama Desert in Chile. The SO Small Aperture Telescopes (SATs) will cover six spectral bands between 30 and 280 GHz primarily to search for evidence of primordial gravitational waves in th...
K. Harrington, R. Gerras, N. Galitzki et al.· 1 citation
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