MAO-B Inhibitory and Antioxidant Properties of Flavonoids from Chenopodium album: Implications for Neuroprotection.

INTRODUCTION Neurodegenerative diseases, especially Parkinson's disease, have been linked with oxidative stress, mitochondrial malfunction, neuroinflammation, and dopamine metabolism impairment. On the other hand, C. album is a medicinal plant containing high concentrations of flavonoids, which provide neuroprotective potential by acting as antioxidants and MAO-B inhibitors.

Methods

In this review, scientific data obtained by various approaches such as phytochemical screening, in vitro, in vivo, and computational analysis about significant flavonoids of C. album (e.g., quercetin, kaempferol, spinacetin) were collected. Characteristics, methods for identification, and biological activity were reviewed concerning their neuroprotective action.

Results

Flavonoids present in C. album exhibited potent scavenging of free radicals, improved intrinsic defense systems, decreased lipid peroxidation, and maintenance of mitochondrial health. Quercetin and kaempferol exhibited remarkable inhibition of MAO-B activity, where as spinacetin analogs provided supplementary antioxidants and anti-inflammatory activities. Studies demonstrated lower levels of reactive oxygen species production, increased neuronal survival, decreased neuronal death, and favorable motor performance.

Discussion

The multitarget effect of C. album flavonoids becomes especially important when considering degenerative nervous system disorders because a monotherapeutic approach cannot be effective in such cases. The simultaneous influence on oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and dopamine oxidation can help preserve dopaminergic neurons.

Conclusion

The flavonoids from Chenopodium album have shown great potential as a neuroprotective agent. Still, further study is required before it can be used to treat any neurodegenerative condition in the clinical setting.