15- In Vitro and In Vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Calotropis procera Against Different Inflammation Models

Abstract

The investigation aimed to assess the potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacy of the aqueous flower extracts of Calotropis procera (CP). Anti-inflammatory effectiveness was examined using CP flower extract on In-Vitro anti-lipoxygenase. Activity, pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α strength was assessed for the anti-inflammatory properties, carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay, egg albumin-induced inflammation in Wistar rats, and xylene-induced ear edema in mice were evaluated. The results showed that CP flower extract possessed significant phenolic (72.23 ± 0.47 μg/mg) and flavonoid content (35.87 ± 1.32g quercetin/100g), estimated by the content of its antioxidant compounds, and had higher antioxidant activity. The floral extract demonstrated strong immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Paw edema volume and LPS-induced cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, PGE2, and LTB4 (CP-200 mg/mL dose) were all considerably (p<0.05) decreased at different dosing levels.   Interestingly, CP at all doses showed a significant reduction of TNF-α (47.47 % inhibition), IL-1β (35.21 % inhibition), PGE2 (35.31 % inhibition), and LTB4 (39.00 % inhibition) concentrations more than the standard drug serum levels were reduced. The findings highlight the value of CP flower extract as a possible resource for industrial and medicinal uses. This study shows that CP flower extract has anti-inflammatory properties (1.75 ± 0.04 % inhibition) at 200 mg/kg; it had a more pronounced effect while still having effects comparable to those of the prescription medication.