Adrenal Pseudocyst: A Rare Entity in Adrenal Pathology : Case Report

Abstract

Adrenal cysts are rare lesions, accounting for about 4% of adrenal masses. They are typically benign, hormonally inactive, and asymptomatic. While imaging plays a key role in diagnosis, differentiating benign cysts from malignant adrenal neoplasms can be challenging, especially for larger lesions. Management strategies remain controversial, particularly for intermediate-sized cysts. Case: We report the case of a 41-year-old woman under nephrological follow-up for cystic kidney disease, who was incidentally found to have a right adrenal cystic mass measuring approximately 5 cm during a thoraco-abdominal CT scan. Further MRI characterization revealed a well-defined lesion with benign features and no contrast enhancement. Hormonal evaluation was unremarkable. Given the absence of symptoms and hormonal abnormalities, a decision was made to pursue close clinical and radiological surveillance. Conclusion: This case highlights that adrenal cysts of moderate size can exhibit benign clinical, hormonal, and radiological characteristics, supporting a conservative management approach. Integrated assessment is crucial to avoid unnecessary surgery, especially in patients with comorbidities. Regular follow-up imaging is essential to monitor for any changes that may warrant intervention.