Aug 2026· Legal regulation in veterinary medicine· 0 citations· 2 references
Abstract
The article presents the results of a study on the combined genotypes of
OPN
(c.8514C/T) and
IGF-1
(512T/C) genes in a population of Holstein heifers (n=202). The experiment was conducted at the Lenin Breeding Farm (Atninsky District, Republic of Tatarstan), and laboratory analyses were carried out at the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture, Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The relevance of the study is driven by the need to identify genetic markers associated with reproductive traits in cattle, as fertility indicators alongside milk productivity determine the economic efficiency of dairy farming. The
OPN
and
IGF-1
genes are involved in the regulation of embryogenesis, implantation, folliculogenesis, and early embryonic development; however, their combined interaction remains insufficiently studied. Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP with restriction endonucleases
BseI
(for
OPN
) and
BstSNI
(for
IGF-1
). The analysis revealed the presence of all nine possible combined genotype combinations, confirming the genetic heterogeneity of the studied population. The highest frequency was observed for the combined genotype CT/AB (29.7%), while the lowest frequencies were found for CC/BB (2.0%) and CC/AA (3.0%) by
OPN
/
IGF-1
. A pattern of decreasing frequency of combined genotypes was established with an increasing number of homozygous loci. Comparison of the observed and theoretically expected distributions showed no statistically significant deviations (χ² = 4.67; p > 0.05), indicating independent allele combination of the studied genes and the absence of factors disrupting genetic equilibrium in the sample. The obtained data can be applied in breeding programs for marker-assisted selection of parental pairs, genetic passportization, and monitoring of the genetic structure of cattle populations.
The field component of this study was conducted at the Ruminant Research Station affiliated with the Agricultural Research Department, Ministry of Agriculture, using a sample of 79 goats (32 Shami and 47 local). The laboratory phase was carried out at the Biotechnology Laboratory of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, and the Advanced Scientific Laboratory for Genetic and Molecular Gene Technologies, with the aim of extracting genomic DNA. The experiment spanned from November 1, 2023, to May 1, 2024.The study focused on the IGF1R gene, specifically examining exon 12, intron 12, and exon 13, covering a 910-base-pair region. Results revealed two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the analyzed region: G267514A and G267782A. Analysis of the G267514A mutation in local goats identified three genotypes: wild-type (GG) at 71.1%, heterozygous (GA) at 26.67%, and mutant (AA) at 2.22%, with allele frequencies of 84% for G and 16% for A. In Shami goats, this mutation exhibited only two genotypes: wild-type (GG) at 93.75% and heterozygous (GA) at 6.25%, with allele frequencies of 97% for G and 3% for A.The study highlighted significant genetic variation between Shami and local goats regarding the G267514A mutation. This mutation influenced body dimensions, fertility rate, and milk production season length in local goats, while showing negligible effects in Shami goats. The G267782A mutation, however, showed no association with any production traits in either breed..
Ali J. Shlaka, W. J. AL-Khazraji, Ali N. Abdullah· IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURA...· 0 citations
Molecular genetic markers, such as the polymorphism of the kappa-casein gene (CSN3), are a important tool for increasing the efficiency of dairy cattle breeding. The aim of this study was to investigate CSN3 polymorphism in a Holstein cattle population and to assess its associations with blood biochemical parameters reflecting the animals’ metabolic status. In the studied herd (146 animals), allele (A — 0,651, B — 0,349) and genotype frequencies were determined using the PCR-RFLP method: AB (47,9 %; 70 animals), AA (41,1 %; 60 animals), and BB (11,0 %; 16 animals). The results of the biochemical analysis for 12 blood serum parameters were statistically processed using t-test Student in the context of the identified genotypes. Significant associations of CSN3 polymorphism with the biochemical profile were revealed. Carriers of the B allele, especially those with the BB genotype, were characterized by a significantly higher level of protein metabolism indicators (total protein, albumin, urea, creatinine) and activity of enzymes from the classes of aminotransferases (AST, ALT) and hydrolases (alkaline phosphatase), as well as lower concentrations of bilirubin and glucose compared to animals with the AA genotype. The obtained data indicate more intensive metabolism and efficient liver function in cows with the B allele. The results confirm the pleiotropic effect of the CSN3 gene, linking the genetic variant not only to milk quality but also to the body’s metabolic profile. This substantiates the feasibility of using this gene as a marker for the comprehensive assessment and prediction of metabolic adaptation in Holstein cattle breeding programs. The work was carried out according to a state assignment, registration number 125031003428-9
N. Safina, E. Krupin, S. Shakirov et al.· International Journal of Vet...· 0 citations
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of 12 complex GN and LEP genotypes on cow productivity in order to identify consistently effective allele combinations that account for genotype-environment interactions, and to develop personalized strategies for herd breeding and management. The conducted study revealed a significant association between complex genotypes of the somatotropin (GH, LV polymorphism) and leptin (LEP, R25C and A80V polymorphisms) genes and milk productivity in Holstein cows. A study of 120 animals (60 animals each from two agricultural organizations) showed a marked uneven distribution of the 12 analyzed genotypes in both herds, due to the farm breeding priorities. A key result was the identification of the GHLVR25CRRA80VAA genotype as the most promising for breeding for high lifetime milk productivity. Animals with this genotype consistently demonstrated maximum milk yields in the first and third lactations and lifetime productivity, demonstrating stability and high genetic potential. In parallel, genotypes associated with milk quality traits were identified. For example, in animals carrying the GHLVR25CCCA80VVV genotype at Organization "K," the lifetime fat and protein content was 3.92 and 3.27 %, respectively. Animals with the GHLVR25CCRA80VAA genotype in Organization "P" had a maximum fat content of 4.13 % while maintaining high milk yield. The study confirmed the critical influence of environmental factors (feeding, management) on the realization of genetic potential. The significantly higher milk yields in Organization "P" compared to Organization "K" highlight the need for a systematic approach combining genetic selection with improved livestock production technologies. The obtained data demonstrate that the complex GH and LEP genotypes serve as informative markers for predicting milk productivity and the adaptive potential of cows.
A. Yaryshkin, O. Shatalina, A. A. Zyryanova· Agricultural science Euro-No...· 0 citations
The study was conducted to identify the genotypes of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the GHRL, GAST, and SCTR genes for early performance assessment in Smena 9 poultry. The study was performed on 170 CM5/CM7 roosters and 750 final-hybrid CM5679 broiler chickens with individual feed intake monitoring at ages 36-42 days and 21-42 days, respectively. Groups were formed randomly. Polymorphisms were identified using genotyping using real-time PCR with fluorescently labelled probes. CM5 roosters homozygous for the T allele and heterozygous (TC) for the rs312295326 polymorphism demonstrated improved feed conversion in the 36-42-day period. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) for this period was 1.89 for birds with the TT genotype and 1.91 for TC. The CC genotype was associated with a 7.3-8.5% decrease in FCR (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences in feed conversion efficiency (FCR) were observed in broilers with polymorphic variants of the SCTR gene (rs314830059 and rs736374789). In birds of both sexes with the GG genotype of the rs314830059 polymorphic variant, a decrease in FCR by 8.6-16.9% was observed compared to the GT and TT genotypes from the 24th to the 33rd day (p<0.05). Females with the GG genotype of the rs736374789 polymorphism showed a lower FCR (2.18 to 2.48) compared to individuals with the GT genotype (2.41 to 2.89) on days 39, 40, and 42 (p < 0.05). The identified SNPs in the GHRL (rs312295326), SCTR (rs314830059), and SCTR (rs736374789) genes can be integrated into genomic selection programmes aimed at reducing FCR in meat-producing chickens.
L. G. Korshunova, E. I. Kulikov, D. M. Dmitrenko et al.· Achievements of Science and...· 0 citations
Background:
Goat farming development begins with the availability of genetically and phenotypically superior livestock to ensure optimal productivity and reproduction.
Aim:
This study aimed to identify polymorphisms in the IGF1 gene and to evaluate their association with growth performance.
Methods:
A total of 105 goats were sampled, including 35 individuals from each of three Indonesian goat breeds: Peranakan Etawah (PE), Jawarandu, and Kacang, aged between 12 and 24 months. Growth parameters measured included body weight and morphometric characteristics. Genetic variation of the IGF1 gene was analyzed using Sanger sequencing. Morphometric data were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) in R software to explore variation patterns, while associations between IGF1 gene polymorphisms and growth traits were evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results:
Sequence analysis revealed significant nucleotide variations at certain positions, indicated by overlapping guanine (G) and thymine (T) chromatogram peaks, indicating a heterozygous genotype (G/T) at this locus. The IGF1 gene has diverse genotypes in all goat breeds, namely GG, GT, and TT. All genotypes were present except in the JW breed, where the TT genotype was absent. IGF1 gene diversity was significantly associated (P<0.05) with morphometric characteristics, including muzzle circumference, head length, ear length, ear width, rump length, and leg circumferenc. The GT genotype had the highest morphometric performance compared to the other genotypes.
Conclusion:
The IGF1 gene may serve as a potential candidate marker for marker-assisted selection (MAS) to improve the growth performance of Indonesian goats, although further validation is required.
Depison Depison, R. Harahap, Gushairiyanto Gushairiyanto et al.· Open Veterinary Journal· 0 citations
Simple Summary Body weight is a critical indicator to evaluate the growth performance of chickens at all production stages and is a core parameter for early breeding selection. Given that the NCAPG-LCORL locus has been widely reported to regulate animal body weight and skeletal muscle development, this gene region was selected as the research candidate. Based on genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) data from an F2 resource population, we screened SNPs within the NCAPG-LCORL locus. After linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis, association analyses were performed between tag SNPs/non-tag SNPs and 12 economic traits. Furthermore, we explored the regulatory effects of NCAPG and LCORL on the proliferation and differentiation of chicken skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs) at the cellular level. The elite chickens carrying favorable SNPs identified in this study can be selected in breeding programs to improve economic benefits for poultry farmers.