SOME ISSUES OF CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL REGULATION OF POLITICAL CRISES IN POST-SOVIET COUNTRIES

Abstract

The article examines the constitutional and legal mechanisms for resolving political crises in post-soviet states. The purpose of the study is to identify problems and evaluate the effectiveness of legal instruments used to resolve crisis situations in the sphere of public authority. Based on the comparative legal analysis, the examples of Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Armenia and Georgia are considered. Special attention is paid to the role of constitutional control, judicial and electoral mechanisms in ensuring the legitimacy of government and preventing the escalation of political conflicts. The analysis showed that insufficient regulation of procedures for verifying election results, as well as the limited powers of constitutional control bodies, can be factors contributing to the deepening of crisis processes. At the same time, differences in institutional models of crisis response in the countries under consideration were revealed. The article substantiates the importance of such constitutional and legal instruments as early elections, a vote of no confidence, impeachment, the dissolution of parliament, as well as the development of parliamentary control and accountability mechanisms for senior officials. Special attention is paid to the influence of legal culture and trust in electoral procedures on the stability of the political system. Constitutional and legal regulation of political crises plays a key role in ensuring the stability of State power and maintaining a balance between the branches. The existence of conflict resolution procedures clearly established in the Constitution and laws makes it possible to transfer political contradictions into the legal field, reducing the risk of their escalation. In this regard, the institutionalization of constitutional control mechanisms, as well as the development of procedures aimed at verifying the legitimacy of decisions of public authorities, is of particular importance. It is concluded that the effectiveness of overcoming political crises largely depends on the degree of institutionalization of constitutional mechanisms, their practical applicability and compliance with the principles of the rule of law.