Protective effects of thymoquinone against hexavalent chromium-ınduced nephrotoxicity: a multiparametric evaluation of oxidative stress, ınflammation, ferroptosis- and apoptosis-related markers
Jul 2026· Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry· Vol 481, pp. 4043 - 4061· 0 citations· 96 references
Medicine
TL;DR
Tq attenuates Cr(VI)-induced nephrotoxicity, as evidenced by improvements in oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, ferroptosis- and apoptosis-related markers, together with preservation of renal structure and function.
Aim: Potassium dichromate is a heavy metal associated with nephrotoxicity in people and animals, resulting in oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in tissues. 1,8-cineole is a monoterpene with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of 1,8-cineole against potassium dichromate-induced nephrotoxicity.Material and Methods: This study involved 40 male Wistar albino rats, randomly allocated to five groups (n=8): control, vehicle, potassium dichromate (PD), 1,8-cineole (CN), and potassium dichromate combined with 1,8-cineole (PD+CN). All treatments were administered orally once daily for 28 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were assessed as oxidative stress in kidney tissue. Furthermore, levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were evaluated as indicators of inflammation. Bax expression was analyzed through immunohistochemical methods, and histopathological changes in kidney tissue were assessed. Results: In the kidney tissue of rats in the PD group, elevated levels of MDA, NF-κB, and TNF-α were noted relative to other experimental groups, although activities of GSH, SOD, and CAT were decreased (p
Tansu Kuşat, Feyza Başak, Eyüp Altınöz et al.· Medical Journal of Western B...· 0 citations
Cisplatin is a widely used platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent whose clinical efficacy is limited by severe hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity mainly mediated through oxidative stress and inflammation. The present study evaluated the protective effects of hydroethanolic extracts of Khaya grandifoliola (KG) bark and aqueous extract of Zingiber officinale (ZO) rhizome against cisplatin-induced hepatic and renal toxicity in Wistar rats. Animals were pretreated orally with plant extracts (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) for 12 days before receiving a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin (10 mg/kg). Physiological, hematological, biochemical, oxidative stress, and histopathological parameters were assessed. Cisplatin administration induced significant weight loss, hematological disturbances, increased serum creatinine, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as decreased total protein levels and antioxidant defenses (GSH, CAT) accompanied by increased lipid peroxidation (MDA). Histological analyses revealed leukocytic infiltration in the liver and tubular damage in the kidneys. Pretreatment with K. grandifoliola and Z. officinale significantly attenuated these alterations by restoring antioxidant status, reducing lipid peroxidation, normalizing biochemical markers, and preserving hepatic and renal histoarchitecture. The most pronounced protective effects were observed with K. grandifoliola at 25 mg/kg. Nonetheless Z. officinale at 50 mg/kg was proven to be most preventive of weight loss. These findings demonstrate that both plant extracts exert significant hepato- and nephroprotective effects against cisplatin-induced toxicity, likely through antioxidant and cytoprotective mechanisms. The results support their potential use as complementary agents to mitigate chemotherapy-induced organ toxicity and prevent weight loss.
Danielle Yaba Ambassa, Charnelle Fokoua Bakam, B. Enang et al.· Exon· 0 citations
This study provides the first demonstration that asiatic acid exerts robust systemic antioxidative, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects against CPF-induced toxicity, highlighting AA’s therapeutic potential for mitigating organophosphate pesticide poisoning.
Özge Darakcı Saltık, H. Balcı, Figen Güzelgül et al.· Yüksek İhtisas Üniversitesi...· 0 citations
The objective of the current study was to assess the hepatoprotective properties of nano-phytosomes (CRV-PNPs) loaded with carvacrol (CRV) in response to lead (Pb)- triggered liver injury. Male Wistar rats were assigned to six groups: Control, CRV, CRV-PNPs, Pb, Pb/CRV, and Pb/CRV-PNPs. Pb intoxication led to considerable blood profile disruption; in addition, it lowered serum total protein and its fractions. Pb also provoked an oxidative stress cascade, indicated by reductions in catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and glutathione (GSH) levels, coinciding with a marked increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations. Pb also increased the inflammatory mediators (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NLRP3). Compared to crude CRV, CRV-PNPs provided significantly better protection against Pb-induced hepatotoxicity by restoring hematological indices and liver function, correcting dyslipidemia, and attenuating histopathological alterations. This protective efficacy was associated with improved antioxidant enzyme activity, diminished oxidative damage, and reduced inflammatory response by downregulating key mediators. Molecular docking revealed that CRV has a strong affinity for antioxidant and inflammatory proteins. The CRV-PNPs exhibited a better protective effect against Pb-induced hepatic damage than crude CRV, which might be attributed to improved stability, solubility, and bioavailability, as well as multiple protective mechanisms.
Eman E. Elwakeel, Ahmed Abdeen, A. Elzeer et al.· Tissue & Cell· 0 citations
The protective mechanism involves anti-oxidant enhancement and inhibition of oxidative stress-induced inflammation and apoptosis, supporting the therapeutic potential of HSP in managing phthalate-related renal injury.
Tuba Karaarslan, B. Yıldırım, F. Yildirim et al.· Iranian Journal of Basic Med...· 0 citations
Rosmarinus officinalis extract may exert protective effects against MTX-induced hepatorenal injury through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, however, further studies are required to confirm these effects and validate their therapeutic potential.
Lana Muhammed, Nadia Salih· Open Veterinary Journal· 0 citations
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