Comparative Assessment of Serum Creatine Kinase and Glutathione Peroxidase in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Creatine Kinase (CK-MB) and Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) - Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) is associated with vascular complications in Type 2 diabetes mellitus, primarily through oxidative stress. However, the specific connection between (CK-MB) (GPx) (TAC) levels and oxidative stress in diabetic patients remains unclear and debated in the current literature. This study aims to measure (CK-MB) (GPx) (TAC) levels in Type 2 diabetes patients compared to healthy control and to investigate their relationship with clinical and biochemical indicators of metabolic imbalance. This observational case-control study involved 90 adults, including 50 with Type 2 diabetes and 40 age- and sex-matched non-diabetic controls. Fasting (CK-MB) (GPx) (TAC) levels were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while demographic and clinical data, such as age, sex, disease duration, glycemic measures and oxidative stress biomarkers, were gathered. Statistical comparisons between groups were conducted using the independent t-test, Pearson’s coefficient was used to evaluate relationships between variables. Patients with Type 2 diabetes had significantly higher (CK-MB) levels (49.94±8.03 ng/mL) than healthy control (7.22±3.1 ng/mL), (p<0.001). Significantly low (GPx) levels (11.04±3.88 ng/mL) than healthy control (28.36±5.90 ng/mL), (p<0.001). Significantly low (TAC) levels (157.90±57.37 ng/mL) than healthy control (533.7±114.9 ng/mL), (p<0.001). Low antioxidant capacity and poor glycemic control were found to be independently associated with increase oxidative stress, according to multivariate analysis. Conclusion: (CK-MB) is significantly higher and (GPx) (TAC) significantly low in patients with Type 2 diabetes than in healthy controls. This finding supports the vasculotoxic impact through an oxidative imbalance that can serve as an additional risk factor for vascular complications in diabetes. Future longitudinal studies are needed to demonstrate the cause-and-effect linkage and assess potential clinical implications.