Incidence and one-year mortality of penile cancer in the Russian Federation. Part 1

Abstract

Background. Penile cancer is a rare malignant tumor: its prevalence ranges from 0.1 to 5.9 cases per 100,000 men. This type of cancer is very often left out due to the rarely correctly diagnosed disease and the lack of awareness among the male population about the need to regularly prevent checkups with an urologist. The rates depend significantly on the region, but in less populated regions, morbidity and mortality are significantly lower than in large cities due to the lack of diagnostic measures and the low frequency of treatment in case of clinical symptoms. Aim. To perform the population-level analysis of temporal trends in the incidence and mortality of penile cancer in the Russian Federation, as well as to evaluate the completeness and quality of case registration for this malignancy. Additionally, patterns of one-year incidence and mortality were examined using data from the population-based cancer registry of the Northwestern Federal District. Materials and methods. Data were obtained from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, the population-based cancer registry of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation, and the N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Saint Petersburg). For detailed assessment of epidemiological characteristics, including one-year incidence and mortality among patients with penile cancer, the database of the Northwestern Federal District population-based cancer registry was analyzed. The overall study cohort comprised 2,728 registered cases of penile cancer. Results and conclusion. From 2000 to 2023, both the absolute number of cases and the age-standardized incidence rate of penile cancer in the Russian Federation demonstrated an increasing trend, with the age-standardized incidence rate rising from 0.54 to 0.98 per 100,000 population. However, since 2019, a declining trend in the age-standardized incidence rate has been observed.