Scrolling minds: Instagram Reels consumption and attention span among young adults—the mediating role of fear of missing out (FOMO)

Abstract

The rapid growth of short-form video content has significantly reshaped digital media consumption patterns, particularly among young adults. Instagram Reels, characterized by brief and algorithm-driven content, has become a major source of engagement but may have implications for cognitive functioning, especially attention span. The present study investigates the relationship between Instagram Reels consumption and attention span, with a specific focus on the mediating role of Fear of Missing Out (FoMO). A sample of 250 undergraduate and postgraduate students aged 18–25 years from colleges in Bathinda was selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using an adapted Social Media Usage Scale, the FoMO Scale, and the Attention Control Scale. Statistical analyses, including correlation, regression, and mediation analysis (PROCESS Model 4), were employed to examine the proposed relationships. The findings revealed a significant negative relationship between Instagram Reels consumption and attention span, indicating that higher engagement with short-form video content is associated with reduced attentional capacity. Additionally, Reels consumption was positively associated with FoMO, while FoMO was negatively related to attention span. Mediation analysis demonstrated that FoMO partially mediates the relationship between Reels consumption and attention span, highlighting the influence of psychological processes on cognitive outcomes.The study contributes to the understanding of digital media psychology by integrating cognitive and motivational perspectives. The findings emphasize the importance of promoting balanced social media use and addressing FoMO to enhance attention control and overall well-being among young adults.