Comprehensive techno-economic and empirical analysis of LoRaWAN infrastructure in high-density industrial environments

Abstract

Industrial Internet of Things deployments demand scalable and robust wireless communication networks. Traditional bandwidth protocols struggle against the severe electromagnetic interference and structural obstacles inherent to manufacturing facilities. The Long-Range Wide Area Network protocol provides a viable alternative through Chirp Spread Spectrum modulation, offering deep signal pen-etration and terminal energy efficiency. This paper analyzes the empirical signal propagation dynamics, Adaptive Data Rate optimization bottlenecks, and topological requirements for deploying this protocol in harsh industrial settings. The analysis evaluates the capital and operational expenditure profiles of these deployments, highlighting rapid return on investment through energy optimization and predictive maintenance.