A study of suicidal behavior among schizophrenic patients

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a chronic and debilitating psychiatric illness that affects more than 21 million individuals worldwide it is associated with a significantly reduced life expectancy, due to suicide. Individuals with schizophrenia have suicide risk five times higher than general population. This research designed to determine the relation of suicidal behavior with psychotic and mood symptoms in schizophrenic patients. This case–control research was conducted on 60 participants aged from 18 to 60 years old, both sexes, fulfill the criteria outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition criteria for schizophrenia. Participants were divided into two equal groups: group A: patients with schizophrenia participants with a current history of suicidal behavior and group B: patients with schizophrenia without any previous engagement in suicidal acts. The history of admission to hospitals and substance abuse of cannabis were significantly different among both groups ( P <0.05). The number of admissions and family history of suicidal behavior were significantly elevated in group A than group B ( P <0.05). Hamilton depression rating scale score, positive symptoms of positive and negative syndrome scale. There was a marked linear relation between the Beck scale for suicidal ideation and the PANSS ( r =0.385, P =0.035). Hamilton depression rating scale score, and positive PANSS score are independent predictors for history of suicide ideation or attempt. Previous admission to psychiatric facility, multiple hospitalizations, depression severity, and positive psychotic symptoms are significant risk factors for suicidal behavior in schizophrenia.