Current Status of Bovine Mastitis and Antibacterial Drug Resistance Profile of the Common Mastitis Pathogens in the Kohat District

Abstract

This study investigated bacterial pathogens and antibiotic resistance profiles associated with bovine mastitis. Two hundred milk samples were screened using the California Mastitis Test (CMT). Bacterial isolates from CMT-positive samples were identified through culture on MacConkey and Nutrient agar, followed by morphological examination. E. coli and Staphylococcus emerged as the most prevalent bacteria causing mastitis. Streptococcus, Salmonella, and Bacillus were also detected, but to a lesser extent. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed high susceptibility (>80%) to Enrofloxacin, Gentamicin, and Florfenicol, suggesting their potential effectiveness for treating mastitis. However, a concerning trend of widespread resistance (>90%) was observed for Amoxicillin, Augmentin, Oxytetracycline, Erythromycin, Cefotaxime, and Tylosin. These findings highlight the importance of responsible antibiotic use and susceptibility testing for effective mastitis management and minimizing the emergence of further resistance.