A study was undertaken with 20 genotypes of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to evaluate 16 quantitative and qualitative traits and 2 biochemical traits to estimate the genetic variability between yield and its components at the Centre for Protected Cultivation Technology, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi during 2020–2021 and 2021–2022. Among all genotypes, 596 were found promising for both yield and quality traits. Yield showed significant positive correlation with average fruit weight (28.99 g), pericarp thickness (0.37 cm), equatorial diameter of fruits (1.25 cm) and number of fruits (79.63). Formation of 5 clusters in dendrogram show the similarity among different traits. Genotype T-53 recorded the highest acidity (0.395 %) whereas genotype T-20 recorded the highest T.S.S. (8.2 0brix). Genotype 596 recorded the highest yield/1000 sq m (144.27 q)
Genetic variability generated through segregation provides an effective opportunity to identify superior recombinants for tomato improvement. The present investigation was conducted using the F₂ population derived from the cross IIHR-2761 × IIHR-2725. The experiment was conducted during Rabi 2025 at the Main Agricultural Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. A total of 175 F₂ plants were evaluated for ten quantitative traits associated with growth and yield. Moderate to high variability was observed for most of the traits studied. High PCV was recorded for number of fruits per cluster (22.99%), number of fruits per plant (25.17%) and fruit yield per plant (27.09%), whereas moderate GCV was observed for number of branches per plant (12.69%), number of clusters per plant (12.62%) and fruit yield per plant (19.91%). High broad-sense heritability was observed for plant height (98.39%), days to maturity (93.04%), number of branches per plant (79.49%) and number of clusters per plant (68.45%), while high genetic advance as per cent of the mean was recorded for fruit yield per plant (30.15%), number of branches per plant (23.31%) and number of clusters per plant (21.50%), indicating favourable prospects for selection. Frequency-distribution analysis revealed both positive and negative skewness among the studied traits, suggesting differential gene action governing their inheritance, whereas most traits exhibited platykurtic distributions, indicating polygenic control. Several superior transgressive segregants beyond the mean ±1 SD and mean ±2 SD thresholds were identified for yield and its associated traits, particularly number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant and fruit yield per plant. The identified segregants provide valuable breeding material for developing high-yielding tomato cultivars through selection in advanced generations.
I. Jyoti, S. A. Desai, K. Narendra et al.· Journal of Advances in Biolo...· 0 citations
Cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. var. cerasiforme) germplasm maintained in West Garo Hills, Meghalaya, represents a useful source of morphological variability for selection. The present investigation evaluated 15 germplasm lines during 2023 at the Demonstration unit, Biotech KISAN Hub, Tura, using a randomised block design with three replications. Twenty-two horticultural characters were assessed to estimate phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation, broad-sense heritability and genetic advance. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the germplasm lines for the characters studied, indicating substantial variability. Phenotypic coefficients of variation were higher than the corresponding genotypic coefficients for all characters. Fruit weight recorded the highest phenotypic coefficient of variation (39.16%), while fruit yield per plant recorded the highest genotypic coefficient of variation (36.72%). The lowest phenotypic coefficient of variation was observed for days to first fruit harvest (4.43%), whereas the lowest genotypic coefficient of variation was also recorded for days to first fruit harvest (3.62%). Broad-sense heritability ranged from 28.73% to 94.54%, with the highest estimate for pericarp thickness. Genetic advance as a percentage of the mean ranged from 6.11 to 71.43%, with the highest value for fruit yield per plant. The observed combination of variability, heritability and genetic advance indicates useful scope for selection of promising cherry tomato germplasm under West Garo Hills conditions.
Susmita Chakraborty, Arindam Barman, Vikash Panggam· International Journal of Pla...· 0 citations
The study focused on evaluating 48 different tomato genotypes for 13 morphological traits to estimate the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance at the Horticulture Research Centre of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology in Meerut, following randomized complete block design with three replications during two consecutive Rabi seasons (October 2022 and April 2024). The results of analysis of variance revealed that for all quantitative features included for both the season, analysis of variance indicated highly significant variations among genotypes. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 4.92% to 16.42% and 4.23%to12.93% respectively. Higher PCV compared to GCV observed for all traits revealed that the influence of environment on traits. High heritability estimates obtained for day to first fruit set, days to first fruit maturity, plant height, days to first fruit harvesting, days taken germination, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield(t/ha), fruit length, fruit yield (kg/plant), fruit yield (kg/plot), High Genetic Advance for number of primary branch, plant height, fruit length, days to first fruit set. High heritability coupled with High Genetic Advance Observed for day to first fruit set, plant height, days to first fruit set, fruit length. As yield is the most important dependent trait, day to first fruit set, plant height, days to first fruit set, fruit length can be selected as selection parameters for further crop improvement programs.
Soybean improvement depends on the identification of genetically diverse germplasm with superior agronomic performance. This study evaluated the phenotypic diversity, yield potential, and genetic variability of a large and diverse panel of 278 soybean genotypes under the agro-ecological conditions of the Madhupur Tract, Bangladesh, during November 2023 to April 2024. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with two replications. Morphological, phenological, physiological, and yield-related traits were recorded and analyzed using analysis of variance, correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and genetic parameter estimation. Considerable variation was observed for all evaluated traits. Pointed ovate leaves (58.3%), white flowers (38.1%), indeterminate growth habit (97.8%), medium plant height (64.7%), medium maturity (85.3%), and medium seed size (54.3%) predominated among the genotypes. Grain yield per plant (GY) ranged from 0.46 to 20.06 g, with BS-53 recording the highest yield, while several other genotypes also exhibited comparatively superior yield and favorable agronomic characteristics. BS-260 matured earliest (88 days) and BS-18 exhibited the highest leaf chlorophyll content. GY showed strong positive correlations with seeds per plant (r = 0.906 ***) and pods per plant (r = 0.862 ***). PCA explained 67.4% of the total phenotypic variation in the first two principal components. High broad-sense heritability coupled with high genetic advance for most traits suggested substantial genetic variability and potential responsiveness to selection under the conditions of the present study. The comprehensive characterization of this diverse germplasm panel and the identification of high-yielding and agronomically favorable genotypes provide a valuable resource for soybean selection and breeding in Bangladesh, while the promising genotypes warrant further multi-location and multi-season validation.
Mohana Tasnin, Md. Saddam Hossain, M. A. Al Mamun et al.· Legumes· 0 citations
Genetic variability and reliable heritability estimates are prerequisites for effective selection in plant breeding. This study assessed heritability and trait correlations for yield and yield-related characters in ten safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes. The experiment was carried out during the Rabi season of 2025–2026 at the Experimental Field, Botanical Garden, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was used. Nine yield and yield-related traits were recorded and analyzed. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) differences among the genotypes for all studied traits, indicating the presence of substantial genetic variability and considerable potential for genetic improvement through selection. Based on mean performance, genotypes PI-304093 and PI-306956 exhibited superior performance for most of the evaluated traits, suggesting their potential as valuable genetic resources for developing high-yielding safflower cultivars. Correlation analysis showed that most yield-related traits were positively and significantly associated with one another, indicating the possibility of simultaneous improvement through selection. High broad-sense heritability estimates were observed for days to 90% maturity (96.23%), plant height (97.99%), days to 75% flowering (95.09%), biomass per plant (79.97%), seed yield per plant (78.84%), oil content (67.69%), harvest index (62.25%), and capsules per plant (61.93%). These results indicate that direct phenotypic selection can be effective for most traits, and that harvest index may serve as a useful indirect selection criterion for improving seed yield. Genotypes PI-304093 and PI-306956 are recommended as promising parental material for safflower breeding, while multi-location, multi-season trials are suggested to confirm their stability before use in cultivar development.
Benazir Unar, Abdul Ghaffar Shar, Bisma Wassan et al.· Kashmir Journal of Academic...· 0 citations
The present study was conducted to evaluate sixteen cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) genotypes under the agro-climatic conditions of Gazipur, Bangladesh during 07 November 2024 to 24 February2025, to find out their variability, character association and path coefficient of curd yield and its related traits at the Research Field of Olericulture Division of Horticulture Research Center, Bangladesh Agriculture Research Institute. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant variation (p ≤ 0.001) was observed among genotypes for all traits, indicating ample genetic diversity suitable for selection and improvement of cauliflower. Early maturing genotypes such as CL-1, CL-2, and CL-4 showed the shortest duration for curd initiation and harvest but produced smaller curds and lower yields. In contrast, Cl-5, CL-7, CL-9, CL-12 and CL-13 recorded superior vegetative growth, larger curd size and the highest curd yield per hectare (58.56-67.07 t/ha). High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as percent of mean for traits such as whole plant weight, marketable curd weight, days to first curd initiation, days to fifty percent curd initiation and net curd weight indicated that additive gene effects play a major role and simple selection methods would be successful. However, the less deviations between phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic coefficient of variation suggested low influence of growing environment for all traits and these traits are mostly controlled by gene. Correlation and path coefficient analyses revealed that days to first curd initiation, whole plant weight, marketable curd weight, curd breadth, and leaf length had strong positive associations and direct effects on curd yield, identifying them as major selection indices, suggesting these traits as key selection criteria for curd yield improvement in cauliflower genotypes.
Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 50(4): 407-421, December 2025
MA Islam, S. Akter, MH Islam et al.· Bangladesh Journal of Agricu...· 0 citations
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