Aug 2026· Legume Research An International Journal· 0 citations· 21 references
Abstract
Background: Pisum sativum L. is an important pulse crop with high nutritional content. However, its productivity is facing major challenge due to sodicity. So, the present investigation was carried out to identify the superior hybrids in field pea. Methods: Diallel design (excluding reciprocals) was done with ten parental lines to produce forty-five F1s and were tested for heterosis, combining ability and variability for yield and its related traits. Result: Analysis of variance revealed significant difference between parents and hybrids for all traits, with pod length showing higher significance in hybrids. The cross-Pant P 514 × HFP 1802 exhibited outstanding seed yield with positive and highly significant heterosis over better parent. SCA variance exceeded GCA variance for most of the traits, indicating non-additive gene action; HFP1424 and IPFD 21-5 were identified has a good general combiner, while several crosses showed high SCA effects. High GCV, PCV with high heritability and genetic advance suggest their importance for further programs breeding.
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important vegetable crop valued for its nutritional quality, wide adaptability and economic significance. The present study was conducted to evaluate genetic variability, character association and genetic diversity among tomato accessions for yield and its contributing traits. The experiment was carried out during the spring-summer season of 2020 and 2021 at the experimental field of horticulture, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University. A total of 26 tomato accessions, comprising 6 repatriated genotypes and 20 hybrids developed through a full diallel mating design, were evaluated in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications and 15 quantitative and quality-related characters. Significant variation was found among the different germplasms for all characters. Yield and yield contributing characters showed high heritability along with genetic gain, indicating major role of these characters in expression of these characters. Yield per plant exhibited a strong and positive relationship with number of fruits per plant, fruit width, fruit length and mean fruit weight. Path coefficient analysis indicated that the number of fruits per plant and reducing sugar content exerted the highest positive direct influence on yield. Principal component analysis explained 81.70 % of the total variation through five components. Cluster analysis grouped accessions into two major clusters irrespective of geographic origin, indicating wide genetic diversity. Accessions T10 and F1022 were identified as the most divergent and may serve as promising parents for yield improvement in tomato breeding programs.
S. Vinit, K. Khushboo, T. Nikhil et al.· Plant Science Today· 0 citations
Maize is an important crop with strategic roles. The development of superior maize varieties requires genetically diverse parental lines with high combining ability. Advanced selfing generations, such as S4, provide increased homozygosity, allowing more reliable estimation of combining ability and genetic parameters for parental selection. This study aimed to evaluate general combining ability (GCA), specific combining ability (SCA), and genetic parameters using S4 progenies derived from a half-diallel mating design. The experiment was conducted from August to November 2025 at PT. Sukses Seed Sentosa, Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia, using a randomized complete block design with two replications and involving 36 S4 cross combinations. The first two principal components of the GCA explained 82.36% of the total variation (PC1 = 63.26%; PC2 = 19.10%). P4 exhibited superior GCA for cob diameter and days to harvest, whereas P1 showed favorable GCA for multiple yield-related traits. SCA values showed that the first two principal components explained 84.54% of the total variation (PC1 = 74.46%; PC2 = 10.08%). P2 × P6 showed the highest SCA for multiple yield-related traits, while P2 × P4 was superior for days to silking and shelling percentage. High GCV was observed in AWC (25.26), SWC (25.62), and Y (23.79). High narrow-heritability was observed for DA (0.55), cob length (0.60), and NSPR (0.66). Most traits were predominantly controlled by additive gene action, whereas grain yield and number of seeds per cob were mainly governed by non-additive gene action.
Background: Genetic diversity is an important prerequisite for the improvement of field pea through hybridization and selection. The current study was undertaken to assess genetic divergence among 10 parental lines and 45 F1 hybrids of field pea under TS and LS conditions to identify genetically diverse and superior genotypes for breeding high-yielding and heat stress-tolerant cultivars. Methods: A total of 55 genotypes, comprising 10 parental lines and 45 F1 hybrids, were evaluated under TS and LS conditions. Genetic divergence was assessed through Mahalanobis’ D2 statistics, while PCA was employed to determine the contribution of different traits to overall variability and to identify promising genotypes. Result: The maximum inter-cluster distances were recorded between clusters V and VI (timely sown) and clusters II and V (late sown), suggesting their potential for generating superior recombinants. PCA demonstrated that the leading four principal components explained 80.51% and 78.18% of the total variation under timely and late sowing, respectively. Seed yield/plant, biological yield/plant, pods/plant and primary branch/plant, secondary branches/plant were the main contributors to genetic divergence. The hybrids IPF 22-22 × IPF 22-24 and RFP 2020-2 × IPF 22-24 were identified as promising across environments, while parental lines IPF 22-22 and IPF 22-24 showed superior performance under late sowing, indicating their potential as heat stress-tolerant parents.
Laxmidas Verma, Anand Kumar, Deepak kumar Prajapati et al.· Legume Research An Internati...· 0 citations
The selection of superior parents and promising hybrid combinations is a fundamental step in soybean breeding programs. Diallel analysis allows the estimation of the effects of general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining ability, contributing to the identification of potentially superior lines. The objective of this study was to evaluate traits related to earliness, yield components, and yield in segregating soybean populations in the F3 and F4 generations. The experiments were conducted at the Capim Branco Experimental Farm of the Federal University of Uberlândia during the 2023/2024 and 2024/2025 growing seasons. Six populations originating from diallel crosses and their parents were evaluated in a randomized block design with ten replications. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and diallel analysis using Griffing's method II, fixed model. Significant differences were found between the genotypes, highlighting genetic variability and potential for selection. Predominant additive gene effects were observed, with high heritability estimates for total number of pods, number of pods with two grains, and number of days to flowering. The BRS 511 cultivar proved favorable as a parent for reducing the cycle and increasing the total number of pods in the F3 and F4 generations. The NA7337 cultivar is promising for the development of soybean populations aimed at increasing grain yield, according to diallel analysis in the F4 generation. For the selection of early-cycle progenies with higher grain yield, the NA 7337 RR x BRS 511 combination showed promise for the selection of soybean progenies in a genetic improvement program.
Flávio Henrique Barbosa, Michelle S. Santos, J. Gastl et al.· Agronomy Science and Biotech...· 0 citations
Onion (
Allium cepa
L.) is the second most commonly produced and consumed vegetable worldwide. In West Africa, high heat and moisture are key constraints for onion productivity during the rainy-season. This study aimed to assess the combining ability, heterosis, and genetic variability of five onion genotypes and 10 F
1
hybrids generated through a half diallel mating design to identify superior parental lines and hybrids adapted to heat and moisture conditions.
The experiment involved five parents: Prema 178, EW001, Violet d’Abéché, Violet de Galmi and AC980. The trials were implemented on station at the World Vegetable Center in Samanko by using a randomized complete block design. Twelve morphological, physiological, and agronomic traits were evaluated.
Analysis of variance showed substantial genetic variability. Significant general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects indicated that both additive and non-additive gene actions influence key traits. The best general combiner was Parent P1 (Prema 178), which had the best positive GCA effects on plant survival rate (5 and 4.98), plant height (2.36 and 2.53), number of bulbs (5.82 and 3.38), and bulb yield (2.09 and 2.44). The hybrids P4×P5 (Violet de Galmi x AC980) and P1xP5 (Prema 178×AC980) had the most positive SCA effects and the best heterosis values over the midparent (105.26%) and better parent (94.56%) for bulb yield, as well as strong vigor and root growth.
These results demonstrate that the hybrids P4×P5, P1×P5, and P3×P5 are good candidates for multilocation testing in high heat and high moisture prone conditions.
A. Traore, Jean-Baptiste De la Salle Tignegre, Z. Kiébré et al.· Frontiers in Horticulture· 0 citations
Combining ability analysis was carried out in pearl millet using a Line × Tester mating design involving four female lines, four males, and their sixteen hybrids to understand the genetic control of grain yield, yield-attributing traits and blast resistance and to identify superior parents and hybrid combinations for breeding. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among crosses for most traits at Tirupati and Hyderabad and under pooled conditions, indicating the presence of substantial genetic variability. Significant line × tester interactions for most characters indicated a major role of non-additive gene action in trait expression. The magnitudes of the variances due to GCA (σ²gca) and SCA (σ²sca) revealed that both additive and non-additive gene actions were responsible for controlling the inheritance of the traits. Among the parental lines, 23S406B emerged as the best general combiner for grain yield, blast resistance and several yield-related traits. Among the testers, 1092R and ICMR 08222 exhibited desirable GCA effects across grain yield, blast resistance and associated characters. Hybrids 23S406B × 1092R and 23S546B × 1092R were identified as the best specific combiners for grain yield, blast resistance and associated traits, indicating their potential for commercial hybrid development.
K. Alekya, M. Priya, P. S. Reddy et al.· Journal of Advances in Biolo...· 0 citations
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