Aug 2026· Plant cell biotechnology and molecular biology· 0 citations
Abstract
The present investigation evaluated fifteen Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) genotypes for seed yield and associated component traits during the Rabi season of 2025-26 at the Agricultural Research Farm, Prof. Rajendra Singh (Rajju Bhaiya) University, Naini, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in a Randomised Block Design with three replications. Eleven quantitative traits were recorded and analysed for variability, heritability, genetic advance, correlation and path coefficient effects. Analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among genotypes for most traits, indicating the presence of exploitable genetic variability. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for the number of siliquae per plant, number of siliquae per shoot and number of seeds per plant. Broad-sense heritability was highest for the number of siliquae per plant, number of siliquae per shoot and plant height at 90 DAS, and these traits also showed high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean. Seed yield per plot showed strong positive genotypic associations with the number of siliquae per shoot, number of seeds per siliqua and number of seeds per plant. Path coefficient analysis indicated that plant height at 90 DAS, number of siliquae per shoot and number of siliquae per plant were important contributors to seed yield at the genotypic level. The findings indicate that these traits may support selection for yield improvement in Indian mustard under the studied conditions.
The present study was conducted using different chickpea genotypes during the Rabi 2022–23 season at the Field Experimentation Centre, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Uttar Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in a randomised block design with three replications to estimate genetic variability parameters and conduct correlation and path analyses for thirteen quantitative traits. Analysis of variance indicated highly significant differences among the genotypes at the 1% probability level for all traits. Phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) for all traits, indicating environmental influence. Most traits exhibited high heritability, except days to 50% flowering. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean was observed for the number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, biological yield per plant, seed index and harvest index. Correlation and path coefficient analyses indicated that plant height, days to maturity, number of seeds per pod, biological yield per plant, seed index and harvest index had positive direct relationships with seed yield per plant. These findings indicate that effective selection based on these traits may improve chickpea seed yield.
Surbhi Gour, G. M. Lal, Aditya Mohan Maharishi et al.· Plant cell biotechnology and...· 0 citations
The study assessed the magnitude of genetic variability and character association for seed yield and its contributing traits in urdbean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) genotypes. Thirty-five genotypes of urdbean were evaluated in a Randomised Block Design with three replications, and observations were recorded for thirteen quantitative traits. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the studied traits, confirming the presence of substantial variability among the evaluated genotypes. The genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was highest for seed yield per plant (33.62%), followed by harvest index (28.53%) and number of pods per plant (21.87%). Broad-sense heritability ranged from 55.20% for pod length to 89.72% for seed yield per plant. High heritability accompanied by high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean was observed for seed yield per plant, harvest index and number of pods per plant, indicating better prospects for selection. Seed yield per plant showed significant positive genotypic correlations with harvest index (0.949), number of clusters per plant (0.885), number of pods per plant (0.877), biological yield per plant (0.661), number of seeds per pod (0.590) and pod length (0.505). Harvest index had the highest direct effect on seed yield per plant, followed by biological yield per plant. These results indicate that traits with high genetic variability and strong associations with seed yield can be prioritised in selection to improve urdbean productivity.
K. Yadav, Bhuri Singh, Khajan Singh et al.· Journal of Applied Life Scie...· 0 citations
Genetic variability and reliable heritability estimates are prerequisites for effective selection in plant breeding. This study assessed heritability and trait correlations for yield and yield-related characters in ten safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) genotypes. The experiment was carried out during the Rabi season of 2025–2026 at the Experimental Field, Botanical Garden, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was used. Nine yield and yield-related traits were recorded and analyzed. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) differences among the genotypes for all studied traits, indicating the presence of substantial genetic variability and considerable potential for genetic improvement through selection. Based on mean performance, genotypes PI-304093 and PI-306956 exhibited superior performance for most of the evaluated traits, suggesting their potential as valuable genetic resources for developing high-yielding safflower cultivars. Correlation analysis showed that most yield-related traits were positively and significantly associated with one another, indicating the possibility of simultaneous improvement through selection. High broad-sense heritability estimates were observed for days to 90% maturity (96.23%), plant height (97.99%), days to 75% flowering (95.09%), biomass per plant (79.97%), seed yield per plant (78.84%), oil content (67.69%), harvest index (62.25%), and capsules per plant (61.93%). These results indicate that direct phenotypic selection can be effective for most traits, and that harvest index may serve as a useful indirect selection criterion for improving seed yield. Genotypes PI-304093 and PI-306956 are recommended as promising parental material for safflower breeding, while multi-location, multi-season trials are suggested to confirm their stability before use in cultivar development.
Benazir Unar, Abdul Ghaffar Shar, Bisma Wassan et al.· Kashmir Journal of Academic...· 0 citations
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important vegetable crop valued for its nutritional quality, wide adaptability and economic significance. The present study was conducted to evaluate genetic variability, character association and genetic diversity among tomato accessions for yield and its contributing traits. The experiment was carried out during the spring-summer season of 2020 and 2021 at the experimental field of horticulture, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University. A total of 26 tomato accessions, comprising 6 repatriated genotypes and 20 hybrids developed through a full diallel mating design, were evaluated in a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications and 15 quantitative and quality-related characters. Significant variation was found among the different germplasms for all characters. Yield and yield contributing characters showed high heritability along with genetic gain, indicating major role of these characters in expression of these characters. Yield per plant exhibited a strong and positive relationship with number of fruits per plant, fruit width, fruit length and mean fruit weight. Path coefficient analysis indicated that the number of fruits per plant and reducing sugar content exerted the highest positive direct influence on yield. Principal component analysis explained 81.70 % of the total variation through five components. Cluster analysis grouped accessions into two major clusters irrespective of geographic origin, indicating wide genetic diversity. Accessions T10 and F1022 were identified as the most divergent and may serve as promising parents for yield improvement in tomato breeding programs.
S. Vinit, K. Khushboo, T. Nikhil et al.· Plant Science Today· 0 citations
A field experiment was conducted during the Rabi season of 2024–25 at the research farm of Ch. Chhotu Ram (PG) College, Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh, under the aegis of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding (Agricultural Botany). The primary objectives were to quantify genetic variability, estimate heritability and genetic advance, and explore trait interrelationships for yield enhancement in Indian mustard. The analysis of variance demonstrated highly significant genotypic differences across all characters, confirming the presence of considerable genetic diversity within the germplasm. For the majority of traits, phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) estimates marginally exceeded genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), suggesting limited environmental influence on trait expression. Several yield-related attributes exhibited elevated GCV and PCV values, indicating substantial opportunities for selection-mediated genetic improvement. Traits registering high heritability alongside significant genetic advance as a percentage of the mean reflected the predominance of additive genetic effects, thereby supporting the efficacy of phenotypic selection in subsequent generations. Moreover, the pronounced direct contributions of these traits to seed yield underscore their potential as dependable selection indices in mustard breeding initiatives. Collectively, the findings establish the availability of exploitable genetic variability and identify key economically important traits that directly influence yield. Accordingly, prioritising these characteristics in breeding frameworks may accelerate the development of high-yielding, genetically superior mustard cultivars adaptable to diverse agro-climatic conditions.
S. K. Singh, Joni Kumar, S. Lal et al.· Annual Research & Review...· 0 citations
Twenty cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) genotypes were evaluated during the summer of 2022 at the Horticultural Research Centre, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, to estimate genetic variability and selection parameters for 16 quantitative traits. The experiment was laid out in a randomised block design (RBD) with three replications at 90 × 60 cm spacing. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for all traits, indicating the presence of substantial variability. High genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for average fruit weight, fruit yield per hectare, vine length and number of fruits per plant, while all traits exhibited high heritability coupled with moderate to high genetic advance as percent of mean, suggesting the predominance of additive gene action. Fruit yield per hectare showed highly significant and positive correlations with fruit yield per plot, fruit diameter, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, number of leaves per plant, fruit length and vine length at both genotypic and phenotypic levels, whereas days to first male and female flower anthesis and days to first fruit harvest were negatively associated. Genotypic path analysis revealed high positive direct effects of fruit diameter, fruit yield per plot, days to first male and female flower anthesis, vine length, node number to first male and female flower anthesis, number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight on fruit yield per hectare. Mahalanobis D² analysis grouped the genotypes into five clusters, with maximum inter–cluster distance between clusters III and V, indicating high genetic divergence and suggesting that crosses between these clusters may produce superior segregants for yield and related traits.
T. Vikash, S. Bijendra, S. Sudhanshu et al.· Plant Science Today· 0 citations
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