Effects of Mesosphaerum suaveolens leaves oil Emulsifiable Concentrate and Lamda-cyhalothrin on arthropods associated with Cucumis melo in Wukari, Nigeria
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a crop of high economic importance; however, it is severely affected by insect pests, particularly Dysdercus peruvianus (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae). The reliance on synthetic insecticides highlights the need for safer and more sustainable alternatives. This study evaluated the insecticidal potential of Mentha × piperita L. essential oil against biological parameters of D. peruvianus. Fourth-instar nymphs were subjected to contact and topical treatments at different concentrations and monitored for up to 28 days to assess mortality, development, adult emergence, reproductive performance, and morphological alterations. The essential oil showed concentration-dependent toxicity in both exposure routes. In the contact treatment, pure oil and 156.2 µg/cm² caused complete mortality within 48 h, whereas 78.1 µg/cm² promoted progressive population elimination. In the topical treatment, pure oil and 451.5 mg/mL caused complete mortality within the first 24 h. Development was impaired, reducing adult emergence to less than 5%. Reproduction was also affected, with complete inhibition of oviposition at 19.5 µg/cm² and reduced egg-laying in the remaining treatments. In addition, morphological deformities were observed in surviving individuals, indicating interference with normal development. These findings demonstrate that M. × piperita essential oil is a promising botanical insecticide with potential for the integrated management of D. peruvianus, contributing to more sustainable pest control strategies while reducing environmental impacts.
Ana Beatriz Soares Oliveira, Anita Lara Ferreira Melo, R. Apolinario et al.· Revista de Estudos Interdisc...· 0 citations
Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is a destructive invasive pest that poses a serious threat to maize production, necessitating the development of sustainable management strategies. The present study evaluated the efficacy of integrating selective insecticides with Metarhizium anisopliae for the management of fall armyworm under field conditions. Field experiments were conducted at two locations in South Gujarat, India, during the Rabi 2025–26 season using novaluron 5.25 + emamectin benzoate 0.9 SC and thiamethoxam 12.60 + lambda-cyhalothrin 9.50 SC applied alone and in combination with M. anisopliae, along with M. anisopliae alone and an untreated control. Repeated-measures mixed-effects analysis revealed significant treatment effects on plant infestation, leaf damage, cob infestation and cob yield. Among the evaluated treatments, novaluron 5.25 + emamectin benzoate 0.9 SC integrated with M. anisopliae recorded the lowest plant infestation (32.92%), leaf damage score (2.70) and cob infestation (11.01%), and produced the highest cob yield (13.21 t ha⁻¹), representing a 40.53% increase over the untreated control. Although statistically comparable with novaluron 5.25 + emamectin benzoate 0.9 SC applied alone for most parameters, the integrated treatment consistently showed numerically superior performance. In contrast, M. anisopliae applied alone provided only moderate suppression of fall armyworm and lower yield protection than insecticide-based treatments. These findings demonstrate that integrating M. anisopliae with selective insecticides improves fall armyworm management and maize productivity, highlighting its potential as an effective component of integrated pest management (IPM) for sustainable maize production.
Nisarg Panchal, M. Siddhapara, V. M. Khimani et al.· Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoo...· 0 citations
Introduction. Soil incorporation of Morus alba biomass mitigates Spodoptera frugiperda damage in maize, through the release of bioactive secondary metabolites with antifeedant properties. Objective. To characterize farmer perceptions of Spodoptera frugiperda severity and evaluate the efficacy of Morus alba residue incorporation as a sustainable management strategy in the Mocache canton, Ecuador. Materials and methods. The research was conducted between December 2023 and May 2024. The study consisted of two phases: a survey of farmers and a field experiment. The farmers were surveyed regarding the agronomic practices they implemented to manage S. frugiperda. The experiment was conducted in the locality of Jesús del Gran Poder and consisted of three treatments: i) a control without pest management or residue incorporation (Control); ii) soil incorporation of 1 t ha⁻¹ of a mixture of maize residues (80 %) and fragmented mulberry cv. Tigreada (20 %) (M+M); and iii) the application of methomyl insecticide. The variables of severity of infestation and agricultural yield were evaluated. A randomized complete block design with three treatments and three replicates was employed. Treatment means were compared using Duncan’s multiple range test (α = 0.05). Statistical processing was performed using the InfoStat package. Results. Residue incorporation reduced severe foliar damage (grades 4-5) to 29.6%, significantly lower than the control (36.1%; p < 0.05). Grain yield reached 4.1 t ha⁻¹ with residues, statistically comparable to methomyl (4.6 t ha⁻¹) and 17 % higher than the control (3.5 t ha⁻¹). Conclusions. The high perception of severity of S. frugiperda by farmers corresponds with high levels of infestation, associated with inadequate agronomic practices and poor technical training. The maize and mulberry residues incorporated into the soil reduce severity and allow obtaining yields like the insecticide, validating its effectiveness as a management alternative in Ecuador and similar regions.
R. Gaibor-Fernández, Sergio Rodríguez-Rodríguez, P. Plaza-Zambrano et al.· Agronomía Mesoamericana· 0 citations
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is one of the main pests of corn in Ecuador, causing significant yield losses. The intensive use of chemical insecticides for its control poses environmental and human health risks. As a sustainable alternative, this study evaluated the efficiency of biological and botanical insecticides under laboratory conditions. The research was conducted from May to July 2025 using a completely randomized design with four treatments [BotaniGard® ES (Beauveria bassiana), Dipel® WG (Bacillus thuringiensis), NeemAzal® T/S (neem oil), and Delegate® 250 WG (spinetoram, as a chemical control)], which were applied to third-instar larvae via the leaf immersion technique, with evaluations at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. Results showed that B. thuringiensis achieved 100% mortality at 96 h, followed by neem oil and B. bassiana, both with 97.5%. Spinetoram produced immediate and sustained mortality of 100% from 24 h. In contrast, neem showed a low initial mortality rate (17.5%) that progressively increased over time. Overall, the biological and botanical insecticides evaluated are effective alternatives for managing S. frugiperda under laboratory conditions, helping reduce dependence on conventional chemical insecticides.
Juan Andrés Villamarín-Barreiro, L. Vásquez-Cortez, P. Cedeño-Loja et al.· Revista Mexicana de Ciencias...· 0 citations
A B S T R A C T
This field study evaluated the efficacy of hydroalcoholic extracts of Ricinus communis, A. indica and T. vogelii on the control of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) in maize in Quibala, Uíge (Angola) from February to June 2025. A completely randomized design with three replicates per treatment was implemented over a total area of 483 m². Extracts were prepared by maceration using a locally distilled beverage (“capuca” with an ethanol concentration of 48% v/v) and applied by foliar spray to naturally infested maize (cv. Samaru 13). Entomological parameters included number of affected plants, live larvae (LL) and dead larvae (DL); efficacy was calculated using Abbott’s equation. One-way ANOVA detected significant differences among treatments (p < 0.05); Two-way ANOVA (treatment × week) showed highly significant main effects (treatment and week: p < 0.001) and a significant interaction (p = 0.002). A multiple regression model using log-transformed LL and DL explained 69.6% of the variance in efficacy (adjusted R2 = 0.696; F = 119.8; p<1.7×10−27). R. communis produced the fastest initial larval mortality and highest mean efficacy, followed by T. vogelii; both were performing comparably to the reference treatment. A. indica showed a slower, but sustained effect, whereas the “Kangila” formulation had low efficacy. These results support further development of R. communis and T. vogelii extracts for smallholder integrated pest management, with further research additional work on formulation and application schedules to improve field persistence.
Keywords: Spodoptera frugiperda; plants hydroalcoholic extracts; efficacy; integrated pest management; Angola
Eficácia dos extratos hidroalcoólicos de Ricinus communis, Azadirachta indica e Tephrosia vogelii no controlo da lagarta-do-cartucho (Spodoptera frugiperda) no milho em condições de campo na comunidade de Quibala, Uíge (Angola)
R E S U M O
Este estudo de campo avaliou a eficácia dos extratos hidroalcoólicos de Ricinus communis, Azadirachta indica e Tephrosia vogelii no controlo de Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) no milho, em Quibala, Uíge (Angola), entre fevereiro e junho de 2025. Foi utilizado um delineamento completamente casualizado com três repetições por tratamento, em uma área total de 483 m². Os extratos foram preparados por maceração usando uma bebida destilada local (“capuca”, com teor alcoólico de 48% v/v) e aplicados por pulverização foliar em milho naturalmente infestado (cv. Samaru 13). Os parâmetros entomológicos incluíram número de plantas afetadas, larvas vivas (LL) e larvas mortas (DL); a eficácia foi calculada pela equação de Abbott. A ANOVA unidirecional detectou diferenças significativas entre tratamentos (p<0.05); a ANOVA bivariada (tratamento × semana) mostrou efeitos principais altamente significativos (tratamento e semana: p<0.001) e interação significativa (p=0.002). Um modelo de regressão múltipla, usando LL e DL transformadas pelo log, explicou 69,6% da variância na eficácia (R² ajustado =0.696; F=119.8; p<1.7×10−27). R. communis apresentou a mortalidade larvar inicial mais rápida e a maior eficácia média, seguido por T. vogelii; ambos tiveram desempenho comparável ao tratamento de referência. A. indica mostrou um efeito mais lento, porém sustentado, enquanto a formulação “Kangila” apresentou baixa eficácia. Estes resultados apoiam o desenvolvimento adicional dos extratos de R. communis e T. vogelii para o manejo integrado de pragas por pequenos agricultores, recomendando-se estudos complementares sobre formulação e esquemas de aplicação para melhorar a persistência em campo.
Palavras-Chaves: Spodoptera frugiperda; extratos hidroalcoólicos de plantas; eficácia; manejo integrado de pragas; Angola
Eficacia de los extractos hidroalcohólicos de Ricinus communis, Azadirachta indica y Tephrosia vogelii para el control de la oruga militar del maíz (Spodoptera frugiperda) en maíz en condiciones de campo en la comunidad de Quibala, Uíge (Angola)
R E S U M E N
Este estudio de campo evaluó la eficacia de los extractos hidroalcohólicos de Ricinus communis, Azadirachta indica y Tephrosia vogelii en el control de Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) en maíz en Quibala, Uíge (Angola) entre febrero y junio de 2025. Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar con tres repeticiones por tratamiento en una superficie total de 483 m². Los extractos se prepararon por maceración utilizando una bebida destilada local (“capuca”, con concentración de etanol de 48% v/v) y se aplicaron por pulverización foliar sobre maíz naturalmente infestado (cv. Samaru 13). Los parámetros entomológicos incluyeron número de plantas afectadas, larvas vivas (LL) y larvas muertas (DL); la eficacia se calculó mediante la ecuación de Abbott. La ANOVA unidireccional detectó diferencias significativas entre tratamientos (p<0.05); la ANOVA de dos vías (tratamiento × semana) mostró efectos principales altamente significativos (tratamiento y semana: p<0.001) y una interacción significativa (p=0.002). Un modelo de regresión múltiple, usando LL y DL transformadas por logaritmo, explicó el 69,6% de la varianza en la eficacia (R² ajustado =0.696; F=119.8; p<1.7×10−27). R. communis produjo la mortalidad larvaria inicial más rápida y la mayor eficacia media, seguido por T. vogelii; ambos mostraron un rendimiento comparable al tratamiento de referencia. A. indica presentó un efecto más lento pero sostenido, mientras que la formulación “Kangila” mostró baja eficacia. Estos resultados respaldan el desarrollo adicional de los extractos de R. communis y T. vogelii para el manejo integrado de plagas en pequeños agricultores, recomendando investigaciones complementarias sobre formulación y esquemas de aplicación para mejorar la persistencia en campo
Nzayadio Mampasi, Monizi Mawunu, Felix Castelo et al.· Revista Brasileira de Meio A...· 0 citations
The present study was conducted to evaluate the bioefficacy of botanical and chemical insecticides against brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stal), in paddy. The experiment was conducted using the following treatments Azadirachtin 5 % (60, 70 and 80 mL), BrahamAstra (7.5, 10.0 and 12.5 L), homemade neem (2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 L), Oshean 20 SG (80 g) and an untreated control. Two sprays were applied, the first at the initial appearance of the pest and the second at the economic threshold level (ETL). Oshean 20 SG (80 g) recorded the lowest brown planthopper population and the maximum percentage reduction over the control after both sprays. Among different treatments, Azadirachtin (5 %) at 80 mL dose recorded lowest brown planthopper population. All botanical insecticides were safe for the spider population. Grain yield was recorded higher in Oshean 20 SG treatment followed by the botanical insecticides. Azadirachtin 80 mL proved to be the most effective and environment friendly alternative for brown planthopper management in paddy.
S. Kamaldeep, Anand Shubham· Plant Science Today· 0 citations
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