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Open access Aug 2026

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Growth and Competitive Ability of Solanum rostratum, an Invasive Plant

It is suggested that abundant AM fungal resources in the rhizosphere contribute to the growth advantage of S. rostratum by enhancing nutrient acquisition and potentially facilitating nitrogen transfer through mycorrhizal networks, which may strengthen the competitive ability of this invasive plant under saline-alkali conditions.

Zheng Lyu, Yang-Cheng Shi, Si-Ying Meng et al. · 0 citations
Open access Aug 2026

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Rhizosphere Microorganisms and Plant Phenotype of Common Bean

This study aimed to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth and development of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and on the microbial environment of the rhizosphere soil. Using the common bean inbred line ‘Jinguan’ as the experimental material, we examined the effects of AMF inoculation on seedling growth and the dynamic changes in rhizosphere microbial communities. The results showed that AMF could establish a stable symbiotic association with common bean roots. By applying seed coating technology to encapsulate AMF around the seeds, and in comparison with the blank control group (CK), the AMF-inoculated plants exhibited altered ratios of fungal to bacterial community structures in the rhizosphere soil. This alteration in root-associated communities subsequently modified plant growth performance, providing a reference for screening beneficial microbial consortia in common bean cultivation.

Zi-Mo Yang, Yan-Zhe Min, Qing-Jie Pang et al. · 0 citations
Open access Jul 2026

Evaluation of the Integrated use of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Trichoderma spp. for Yield Improvement in Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

The present study evaluated the synergistic effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and beneficial rhizospheric microorganisms on the growth, root colonisation, and yield of mustard (Brassica juncea L.), a crop traditionally regarded as a poor or non-mycorrhizal host. A field experiment was conducted during the rabi seasons of 2023–2024 and 2024–2025 at the Research Farm of Nirmal Seeds Pvt. Ltd., Maharashtra, India, using the mustard variety NIMOH-8. The experiment was laid out in a randomised block design (RBD) with seven treatments and three replications. The treatments comprised soil application of a mycorrhizal powder formulation alone or in combination with Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum, and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Standard agronomic practices were followed throughout the study. Plant growth, yield attributes, and root colonisation were assessed at harvest, and roots were stained using the Phillips and Hayman (1970) technique. The application of bio-inoculants significantly improved growth and yield parameters compared with the untreated control. The highest number of siliquae per plant (541.9), seed yield per plant (14.13 g), and seed yield (23.28 q ha⁻¹) were recorded in T4, which comprised mycorrhizal powder formulation (250 g ha⁻¹) + Trichoderma viride WP (2.5 kg ha⁻¹). Treatment T7 (mycorrhiza + T. viride + Pseudomonas fluorescens) produced comparable results, with 525.7 siliquae per plant and a yield of 23.15 q ha⁻¹. Microscopic examination of stained roots confirmed AMF colonisation in the combined inoculation treatments, characterised by intraradical hyphae, vesicles, external mycelium, and arbuscules; no fungal colonisation was observed in the untreated control. Enhanced root colonisation was associated with improved plant growth and productivity, indicating a positive interaction between AMF and beneficial rhizospheric microorganisms. The study demonstrated that integrating AMF with Trichoderma viride and Pseudomonas fluorescens enhanced mycorrhizal establishment, nutrient acquisition, and mustard productivity. Among the treatments tested, the combination of mycorrhiza and T. viride was the most effective. These findings indicate the potential of microbial consortia as an environmentally compatible strategy for improving mustard yield and crop productivity.

Valmik M. Patil, K. Patole, Mukesh Borse et al. · 0 citations
Sep 2026

Isolation, Characterization, and Evaluation of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi from the Rhizosphere of Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.) Collected From Dama District, Guji Zone, Ethiopia

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have significant potential to enhance plant growth. This study isolated, characterized, and evaluated AMF from the rhizosphere of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) collected from five kebeles in the Dama district, Ethiopia. Thirty rhizosphere samples were processed using wet sieving and decanting to isolate spores, which were identified based on morphotaxonomic criteria. Root colonization was assessed microscopically using staining techniques. In a greenhouse pot experiment at Dilla University, 10 treatments (8 AMF isolates and 2 control groups) were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Twelve AMF species from four genera (Acaulospora, Gigaspora, Scutellospora, and Glomus) were identified. Spore density and root colonization varied considerably across sampling sites. Inoculation significantly improved barley growth compared to noninoculated controls (p < 0.05). Treated plants exhibited consistently greater shoot length, root length, and shoot dry weight than control plants. These results confirm that AMF inoculation significantly enhances key growth parameters in barley, including plant height, root elongation, and biomass accumulation. The top-performing isolates from the genera Glomus, Acaulospora, Gigaspora, and Scutellospora should be evaluated further in field trials to confirm their effectiveness under real agricultural conditions, paving the way for their development as commercial biofertilizers.

Unknown authors · 0 citations
Open access Aug 2026

Plant Species Shape the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Community and Plant Performance in Legume Crops and Weeds

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are often considered host generalists. Although the host-mediated assembly of AM fungal communities is well documented, its functional significance remains poorly understood, particularly in organic and low-input agroecosystems, where crop–weed interactions may influence the soil AM fungal reservoir. We investigated plant and AM fungal functional traits, mycorrhizal dependency (MD), and root AM communities in three legume crops and five weed species grown in pots with the same indigenous AM fungal inoculum. AM fungal communities were characterized using SSU rRNA gene clone libraries, sequencing, and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) analysis. Of 825 examined clones, 792 were assigned to AM fungi, representing 23 RFLP types. Plant species significantly affected the plant traits, root colonization, spore density, extraradical mycelium density, and MD. PERMANOVA revealed that plant species explained 97.3% of the variation in the AM fungal community structure, although this result should be interpreted cautiously because within-species dispersion may have contributed to the explained variance. RELATE analysis showed a significant association between the AM fungal community structure and plant–AM fungal functional traits. The specific root length, shoot and root N concentrations, AM fungal colonization, and spore abundance best explained community patterns. Legume crops supported greater AM fungal development and positive growth responses, whereas several weeds hosted diverse AM communities without showing biomass benefits. These findings highlight that weed management could indirectly influence AM fungal persistence through host-mediated community assembly, although field validation is required.

Elisa Pellegrino, Marco Nuti, J. Young et al. · 0 citations
Open access Jul 2026

Isolation of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and their effect on growth performance of Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees)

- Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi were symbiotically associated in roots of the Andrographis paniculata in mutual relationships that help in enhancing plant growth performance. The present study was carried out to study the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on the growth parameters of Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata). The rhizospheric soil and plant samples were collected from the diverse regions of Washim district and were used in the pot experiment. The pots were filled with a mixture of sterilized rhizospheric soil and Farm Yard Manure (FYM) and labeled experimental pots were sown with seeds of Andrographis paniculata along with control. The experimental pots were inoculated using three species of isolated AM fungi like Glomus fasciculatum, Glomus intraradices, and Glomus mosseae. The effect of these isolated AM fungi was evaluated in growth performance comprising microscopic characterization of isolated AM fungal species, plant height, root length, fresh and dry weight, and total number of roots and leaves of pot grown Andrographis paniculata. In results, the AM fungi were posing a noteworthy effect on plant height (76.4±4.9 cm of G. mosseae treated plants), root length (16.8±1.3 cm of G. mosseae treated plants), total number of average roots (26±1.6) and leaves (41±3.3) per plant, and fresh weight (50.3 ± 4.6 g) and dry weight (8.9 ± 1.0 g) in G. mosseae treated plants. Such improvement in above tested growth parameters revealed that AM fungi can significantly contribute to enhance the growth performance of Kalmegh.

G. T. Jadhav, S. V. Ahire, H. B. Sonawane · 0 citations

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