Retinol and Vitamin C Encapsulation in Liposome for Topical Delivery Using Microfluidization

Abstract

The concurrent topical delivery of Retinol and Vitamin C (Vit C) poses notable formulation challenges due to their contrasting solubility characteristics and chemical stability. In this study, liposomal nanocarriers were engineered via high-pressure microfluidization to achieve co-encapsulation of Retinol and Vit C within a single vesicular system. The formulations were characterized in terms of physicochemical stability (particle size distribution, polydispersity index, zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy (SEM)), release profiles of the actives by Franzcell diffusion test. Liposomes exhibited nanoscale particle sizes and maintained electrostatic stability over 60 days period. These results indicated that microfluidization was an easy but appropriate method for producing liposomes. Franz diffusion cell studies revealed sustained release of Vit C from liposomes compared to its simple gel and solutions, while retinol did not show considerable difference probably due to its limiting diffusion ability through the membranes. Collectively, the findings support the feasibility of utilizing phospholipid-based vesicular systems for sustained delivery of chemically distinct bioactives. The developed liposomes offer a promising platform for dermal anti-ageing and antioxidant delivery, warranting further investigation in vivo to substantiate long-term efficacy and better cutaneous compatibility.