Dyslipidemia as a Predictor of Liver Dysfunction, Glycaemic Control and Insulin Resistance: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Dyslipidemia (DL), a common metabolic disorder, negatively influences the regulation of glycemia, liver function and insulin sensitivity and is a crucial factor in the dramatic increase in metabolic diseases. In India, the prevalence ranges from 15–20% in rural populations to 25–30% indicating the wide-spread prevalence of the disease. The present cross-sectional study involved 616 adults (aged between 18 to 75 years) from tertiary endocrinology and metabolic clinics, excluding those with unrelated chronic liver diseases or acute illnesses, to explore the relationship between DL, glycemic variability, hepatic markers and insulin resistance. Clinical assessments and laboratory evaluations including glycemic parameters, liver function tests and lipid profiles through validated questionnaires were analyzed using suitable statistical methods. Among the contributors, 514 individuals with DL had significantly higher HbA1c and fasting glucose levels compared to non-dyslipidemic participants (p<0.001). Based on the study, elevated triglycerides and lowered High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels could be corelated with the poor glycemic control and higher insulin resistance. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were also mildly elevated, while other liver markers remained similar. Logistic regression analysis established HbA1c as a prominent predictor of DL. The results further emphasize the systemic nature of DL and the necessity for a cohesive approach focusing on triglycerides, HDL and glycemic control to lessen its long-term complications.