Toward Sustainable Campuses in Saudi Arabia: Comparative Strategies for Green University Transformation

Abstract

Abstract. This study examines the implementation of green campus strategies in Saudi Arabia by conducting a comparative analysis of international and regional best practices. The research evaluates key operational elements across environmental management, institutional integration, and community engagement, focusing on Harvard University, the University of Cambridge, and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST). Findings reveal that while Saudi universities have initiated sustainability efforts, these remain fragmented and lack cohesive governance, performance monitoring, and stakeholder participation. In contrast, global exemplars have institutionalized sustainability through structured policies, data-driven metrics, and participatory frameworks. The study underscores the need for Saudi universities to establish localized evaluation systems, create permanent sustainability offices, and integrate environmental objectives within Vision 2030. Saudi higher education institutions can play a transformative role in environmental innovation and social development by aligning national climate ambitions with campus operations. The research offers a strategic roadmap to foster the Gulf region's inclusive, resilient, and low-carbon academic environments.