Postoperative OCT Microstructural Changes as Predictors of Visual Prognosis Following Epiretinal Membrane Peeling: A Retrospective Study.

Association Between Epiretinal Membrane-Induced Retinal Traction and the Natural Course of Lamellar Macular Hole.

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of epiretinal membrane (ERM)-induced retinal traction on functional and anatomical changes of lamellar macular hole (LMH). METHODS This retrospective study included patients with LMH followed for at least 12 months without surgery. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), M-CHARTS-assessed metamorphopsia, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters were evaluated. ERM-induced retinal traction was assessed using B-scan and en face OCT images, with maximum depth of retinal folds (MDRF) quantified as an indicator of retinal traction strength. Annual rates of change in visual function and OCT parameters were compared between eyes with and without ERM-induced retinal traction. RESULTS Thirty-six eyes were analyzed. During a mean follow-up of 46.4 ± 28.4 months, BCVA and metamorphopsia worsened, accompanied by foveal cavity enlargement, increased epiretinal proliferation thickness and ellipsoid zone disruption length, and decreased minimum retinal thickness (all P < 0.05). Eyes with ERM-induced retinal traction demonstrated significantly faster functional and anatomical deterioration than those without traction. MDRF showed significant correlations with worsening rates of BCVA, metamorphopsia, foveal cavity enlargement, and retinal thinning. CONCLUSION ERM-induced retinal traction was associated with accelerated functional and anatomical deterioration in LMH. Quantitative assessment of retinal traction may facilitate the identification of LMH at higher risk of progression.

Stage of Epiretinal Membrane and Central Bouquet Abnormalities: Key Predictors of Visual Acuity After Vitrectomy.

Anatomical Outcomes of Traumatic Macular Hole Surgery: Role of OCT Parameters and ILM Flap Techniques

Larger hole dimensions were associated with poorer visual prognosis, whereas greater HH was associated with anatomical closure, and flap-assisted ILM techniques may improve anatomical success in TMH surgery.

Functional and structural outcomes after vitrectomy: The role of macular contour restoration

Postoperative restoration of the foveal pit is strongly associated with superior BCVA gain and CMT reduction, highlighting foveal morphology as a key prognostic marker for surgical success.

Evaluation of retinal layers following pars plana vitrectomy in idiopathic and diabetic epiretinal membrane.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE Optical coherence tomography can enhance preoperative evaluation in patients with epiretinal membranes, improve surgical planning, and provide patients with more detailed information about potential visual outcomes. BACKGROUND Investigate the morphological and functional changes in idiopathic and diabetic epiretinal membrane. METHODS All participants underwent optical coherence tomography preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively. Foveal contour, retinal segmentation, external limiting membrane and ellipsoid zone integrity, subfoveal fluid, disorganisation of inner retinal layers, and ectopic inner foveal layer were evaluated with optical coherence tomography. Associations between optical coherence tomography parameters and visual acuity were analysed. RESULTS This study included 34 idiopathic epiretinal membrane and 31 diabetic epiretinal membrane cases. In the idiopathic epiretinal membrane group, preoperative foveal pit presence was associated with better visual acuity (p = 0.030). In the diabetic epiretinal membrane group, the preoperative subfoveal fluid, disorganisation of inner retinal layers, ectopic inner foveal layer, cystic changes and advanced stage were associated with lower preoperative visual acuity (p = 0.008; p = 0.001; p = 0.021; p = 0.043; p = 0.01; respectively). In the postoperative period the persistence of subfoveal fluid, ectopic inner foveal layer and advanced stage were associated with lower postoperative visual acuity in the diabetic epiretinal membrane group (p = 0.002; p = 0.016; p = 0.018, respectively). external limiting membrane integrity was better preserved preoperatively in the idiopathic epiretinal membrane group (p = 0.022). Ellipsoid zone integrity was better preserved in the idiopathic epiretinal membrane group compared to the diabetic epiretinal membrane group, both preoperative and postoperative period (p = 0.010 and p = 0.022, respectively). In multivariable linear regression analysis, the presence of preoperative subfoveal fluid was independently associated with poorer postoperative visual acuity. The inner retinal layers were significantly thinned in both groups, while the outer layers remained unchanged. CONCLUSION Although most retinal segmentation parameters showed similar postoperative changes in both idiopathic epiretinal membrane and diabetic epiretinal membrane, diabetic epiretinal membrane eyes demonstrated greater impairment of outer retinal biomarkers. Preoperative subfoveal fluid may be associated with postoperative visual outcomes in diabetic epiretinal membrane and warrants further investigation in larger prospective studies. Vitrectomy yielded beneficial anatomical and functional results in both groups.

Macula-vitreous interface vitrectomy for pediatric epiretinal membrane: surgical principles, clinical outcomes and safety profile.