A discussion is presented on the main NGS sequencing technologies that can be used to improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of oncology patients.
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has revolutionized diagnostic pathology by offering more extensive and rapid
genomic examination compared to traditional approaches. This review assesses the recent developments in NGS and
their use in the diagnosis of diseases. The results based on secondary data illustrate advances in sequencing accuracy,
long-read sequencing technologies, and clinical uses in the fields of oncology, hematology, genetic diseases, and
infectious diseases. Nevertheless, NGS continues to be at the core of precision medicine despite issues associated with
cost and implementation. The developments of the future based on artificial intelligence and the combination of multiomics could help improve the practice of diagnosis and the outcomes of patients further.
S. Pawar· International Journal of Dru...· 0 citations
Precision medicine (also known as individualized or personalized medicine) is a novel approach that integrates genetic, environmental, and lifestyle data to drive medical care decisions. It aims to give more precise approaches to illness prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.(1) In oncology, precision medicine is based on the premise that malignancies are not all the same, and people may respond differently to therapies depending on their genetic, environmental, and lifestyle variables.(2) In high-income countries, precision medicine is frequently associated with genomics and molecular profiling. The most common cancers (lung, breast, colorectal, prostate, stomach) all require histopathological diagnosis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) (e.g. ER/PR/HER2 in breast cancer) as part of the WHO Essential Diagnostics framework. Therefore, precision medicine does not have to include expensive whole-genome sequencing. Accurate pathology, basic immunohistochemistry, morphology, and low-cost molecular diagnostics can all provide precision treatment.
Ariba Asif· International journal of pat...· 0 citations
Precision oncology has revolutionized the treatment of cancer through changing it from organ-based to using molecular profiling technology with associated biomarkers. In this review, we discuss the uses and applications of molecular profiling technologies such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), liquid biopsies, and multi-omics in the process of profiling cancer tumors and their associated molecular changes. This review aims to present the use of molecular profiling technologies in precision cancer care by enabling accurate diagnosis, biomarker discovery, target therapy selection, and resistance and progression monitoring of cancer therapies. We also discuss the limitations in the application of these technologies in clinical practice due to problems such as proper analysis of the data, standardization, availability, and cost. Molecular tumor boards and knowledge banks will be covered under molecular profiling technology in facilitating clinical decisions. The new developments in molecular technologies, which include those targeting single cell and spatial omics, along with the employment of AI-based analyses and adaptive trials, are described as useful instruments for improving stratification and treatment personalization. Lastly, the review describes the key obstacles that need to be overcome in order to allow wider application of precision oncology in global oncology practice.
Imran khan Yousafzai, Khadija Tariq, Noor Fatima et al.· Journal of Cancer Biomolecul...· 0 citations
Personalized medicine, also called precision medicine, is an approach to disease prevention and treatment that accounts for individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle. In oncology it has driven a decisive shift away from empirical, one-size-fits-all chemotherapy toward biomarker-directed care in which the molecular profile of a tumour, rather than its anatomical site alone, guides treatment selection. This review summarizes the current status and future prospects of personalized oncology. It outlines the biological rationale rooted in the genomic basis of cancer and the concept of oncogene addiction, and describes the enabling technologies - next-generation sequencing, comprehensive genomic profiling, large reference atlases, and liquid biopsy that have made molecular characterization feasible in routine care. The clinical achievements of targeted therapy are reviewed across haematological and solid tumours, together with the advent of immune checkpoint blockade and the first histology-independent, biomarkerdefined drug approvals. Innovations in clinical trial design, including basket and umbrella trials and frameworks for ranking the clinical actionability of molecular alterations, are considered alongside cellular therapies such as chimeric antigen receptor T cells. The review also addresses persistent challenges drug resistance, tumour heterogeneity, the still-modest proportion of patients who benefit, and issues of cost and equitable access before considering future directions in multi-omics, minimal residual disease monitoring, combination strategies, and the integration of artificial intelligence. Realizing the full promise of personalized oncology will require continued biological discovery, pragmatic trial designs, and deliberate attention to accessibility.
Mohd Faizan Siddiqui· International Research Journ...· 0 citations
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide
despite remarkable advances in prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The rapid
development of molecular biology, precision medicine, immunotherapy, artificial
intelligence, and genomic technologies has transformed the landscape of modern
oncology, enabling more individualized and effective patient care. Recent
breakthroughs in liquid biopsy, next-generation sequencing, targeted therapies,
immune checkpoint inhibitors, and AI-assisted clinical decision-making have
significantly improved diagnostic accuracy, therapeutic efficacy, and survival
outcomes across multiple cancer types. However, numerous challenges persist,
including tumor heterogeneity, treatment resistance, immune-related adverse events,
limited accessibility to innovative therapies, high healthcare costs, and disparities in
cancer care across different regions. Furthermore, integrating multi-omics
technologies, digital pathology, and real-world evidence into routine clinical practice
requires standardized protocols and robust clinical validation. This review summarizes
the most significant advances in contemporary clinical oncology, discusses current
limitations affecting cancer management, and highlights emerging technologies that
are expected to shape the future of personalized cancer treatment. The continued
integration of genomics, AI-driven diagnostics, biomarker-guided therapies, and
multidisciplinary clinical approaches is anticipated to improve patient outcomes while
promoting precision oncology as the new standard of cancer care.
Ulykbek Daurenov, Dastan Turdykul, Dana Suyunbay et al.· International Scientific Uni...· 0 citations
Identification of molecular alterations in cancer and advances in technology have enhanced the use of molecular alterations for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer in routine clinical practice. Multi-determination platforms are now available in most Spanish hospitals. First developed in 2021, the objective of these clinical practice guidelines is to review the usefulness of molecular platforms and establish usage guidelines to direct their incorporation into clinical practice. Here, we provide updated guidelines, which include the most recent advancements in this area.
N. Rodriguez Salas, J. R. De La Haba-Rodríguez, Ferran Ferragut Lloret et al.· Clinical and Translational O...· 0 citations
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