Immunogenetic Association of TNFAIP3 rs10499194 Polymorphism with Susceptibility to Immune Thrombocytopenia in Iraqi Patients

Abstract

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by increased platelet destruction and impaired production. This study evaluated the association of the TNFAIP3rs10499194 polymorphism and serum TNFAIP3 levels with ITP susceptibility. This case–control study included 120 Iraqi patients with ITP and 60 healthy controls. TNFAIP3rs10499194 (C>T) was genotyped using Taq Man real-time PCR, and serum TNFAIP3 levels were measured by ELISA. Genotype and allele distributions and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was assessed. The distribution of TNFAIP3rs10499194 genotypes differed significantly between ITP patients with healthy controls (p<0.001). The CT genotype was more frequently observed among patients, whereas the CC genotype predominated in the control group. Allelic analysis demonstrated a significantly higher frequency of the T allele in patients compared with controls, indicating an association between rs10499194 and susceptibility to ITP. Serum TNFAIP3 concentrations were significantly elevated in ITP patients compared with healthy controls (638.63 ± 62.11 pg/mL vs. 401.94 ± 45.32 pg/mL, p < 0.001). Moreover, serum TNFAIP3 levels differed significantly according to rs10499194 genotype, with higher concentrations observed among carriers of the T allele.TNFAIP3rs10499194 was significantly associated with ITP susceptibility and elevated serum TNFAIP3 levels, suggesting a potential role in ITP pathogenesis.