Preliminary evaluation of a commercially available GnRH-based immunocontraceptive

Abstract

Stray dog population control is a global concern due to its implications for public health and animal welfare. Immunocastration relies on the immunological blockade of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) and represents a viable alternative to surgical sterilization. We evaluated the effects of a commercially available immunocontraceptive on ovarian activity in prepubertal female dogs; 4 were treated with antiGnRH (2 treatments, 4 weeks apart) and 3 served as controls. Dogs were monitored for signs of estrus for 7-8 months after the second treatment and progesterone concentrations were determined. Ovaries and uterus were collected after ovariohysterectomy. None of the dogs had lesions or discomfort related to treatment; 3 out of 4 treated dogs did not have estrus until surgery (13-14 months of age) and 1 had estrus at 13 months; this dog had a corpus luteum and high progesterone concentrations. Ovaries were larger and had more follicles in treated dogs whereas endometrium was thicker in control. Commercially available antiGnRH can be a tool for reproductive management in prepubertal female dogs; however, further research is needed to confirm the long-term safety and duration of the contraceptive effect.