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#software testing Book Open access

On the Use of LLMs to Diagnose and Repair UML/OCL models

Oct 2026 · Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 29th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems · 0 citations · 40 references

Abstract

Large Language Models (LLMs) can assist developers and modelers in many software engineering activities. In the context of model-driven engineering, diagnosing and fixing errors in software specifications is a challenging task, even for human experts. Errors can be subtle, involving a combination of constraints and modeling elements. Formal methods can assess the correctness of a system but usually do not offer human-readable explanations. In this sense, modelers have little support when it comes to understanding the root causes of errors and inconsistencies in software models. In this paper, we explore how LLMs can be used to diagnose, explain and repair inconsistencies in domain models. Our goal is to support the interactive verification of complex domain models, as a complement to traditional approaches for testing, verification and validation. Our approach is implemented in a formal verification tool for analyzing UML class diagrams annotated with OCL constraints.

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