Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Motivasi Kerja, dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Perawat di RSUD Banyumas

Abstract

Nurses act as frontline healthcare workers who are vulnerable to high workloads and emotional demands, which can potentially decrease their psychological well-being and job satisfaction. This study aims to examine the effect of transformational leadership, work motivation, and work environment on nurses' job satisfaction at RSUD Banyumas. This research used a quantitative approach with an explanatory cross-sectional survey design. The research population consisted of 590 active nurses. Based on Slovin's formula calculation with a 10% margin of error, a minimum sample size of 86 respondents was obtained. A total of 134 valid questionnaires were successfully collected and used as the final sample for analysis, exceeding the minimum limit required by Slovin's formula. Data were analyzed using the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method with the assistance of SmartPLS 4 software. The analysis results showed an R-Square value of 0.734 (Adjusted R-Square = 0.727), indicating that the three independent variables were simultaneously able to explain 73.4% of the variance in nurses' job satisfaction. Hypothesis testing results showed that all three research hypotheses were supported by the data: transformational leadership (β = 0.213; p = 0.023), work motivation (β = 0.382; p < 0.001), and work environment (β = 0.406; p < 0.001) each had a positive and significant effect on nurses' job satisfaction, with the work environment making the largest contribution, followed by work motivation and transformational leadership. Based on these findings, hospital management is advised to strengthen transformational leadership practices implemented by the head nurses, design work motivation and career development programs, and continuously optimize both the physical and social environments to maintain nurses' job satisfaction.