Priority-Based IoT Smart Energy Management System with Automatic Voltage Protection

Abstract

The Priority-Based IoT Smart Energy Management System with Automatic Voltage Protection is designed to intelligently control the electrical loads, conduct real-time monitoring, improve electrical safety of residential and small industry facilities. The system provides an ESP32 microcontroller connected to the voltage and current sensors which constantly measure the quality of input power, detect under-voltage, over-voltage, or overload scenarios, and prevent possible damage to appliances, the system automatically restores normal load operation. Priority-based load management algorithm is implemented to carry out selective disconnection of low-priority loads when there is an abnormal power condition and still maintain the continuous operation of important devices. Once the electrical parameters have returned to safe operating limits. The IoT integration enables one to remotely observe voltage, current, energy usage and relay activity via a cloud-based mobile or web application. Also, the platform provides real-time alerts in the event of voltage irregularities or protection appeals, which improves user awareness and user decision-making. The proposed system enhances the life span of appliances, minimizes wastage of energy, and maintains continuity in operation by integrating automated voltage protection, smart load shedding, and supervising the appliances via IoT. This renders it an efficient and economical smart energy management system that can be used in smart homes, small scale industries and in locations where unreliable power supply is a common occurrence.