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Comparative efficacy of brain–computer interface-coupled robotic rehabilitation, robot-assisted therapy, and motor imagery for upper-limb motor recovery after stroke: a systematic review and network meta-analysis

Sep 2026 · Neurological Sciences · Vol 47 · 0 citations · 54 references
Medicine

TL;DR

BCI-robot ranked highest for improving FMA-UE and may provide a clinically important benefit over conventional rehabilitation, although the magnitude remains uncertain.

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