The subject of the study is the structural and grammatical features of Russian proverbs, namely the constructive and syntactic organization of proverbs, typical semantics of models, linguistic means of designing the predicative core and syntactic construction. The classification description is carried out based on the analysis of linguistic material that operates with the concepts of a model and the structural scheme of a sentence. The article identifies morphological and syntactic features and the typical grammatical meaning of the model, systematizes the ways of representing the predicate in single‑component verbal models, and establishes a correlation of the grammatical form with the typical semantics of paremia. The research methodology is determined by the nature of the typological description. The primary method is descriptive-analytical, and the classification is based on statistics. The statistical data were obtained through a quantitative and comparative analysis of linguistic material. The material for the study was the «Large Dictionary of Russian Proverbs» by V. M. Mokienko and T. G. Nikitina. The scientific novelty of the study is determined by the original approach to the analysis of the paremiological fund; proverbs are considered as the implementation of typical grammatical models of language with a special correlation of form and content. For the first time, a typological description of single‑component verbal models of Russian paremias is presented. Structural-grammatical made it possible to identify a typical «grammar of a proverbial norm» in its correlation with linguistic semantics. The most productive single‑component verbal models include: Vind pr3pl with a normative-evaluative meaning, Vind f2s with the semantics of causal regularity of action, Vimp2s with a regulatory meaning. The predicative core of the models is represented by conjugated personal, impersonal forms and the infinitive, expressing the grammatical meaning of the “generalization” of an action with varying degrees of its abstraction from the producer.
The article examines the semantic and grammatical features of phraseological units with the component “head” in the Ukrainian language. The relevance of the study is determined by the active development of modern phraseology and the growing interest of linguists in phraseological units as important representations of the national linguistic worldview. These units form a substantial layer of Ukrainian phraseology and reflect specific features of folk thinking, the evaluation of human qualities, emotional states, intellectual abilities, and behavior. The object of the study is phraseological units with the component “head”, while the subject includes their semantic and grammatical characteristics. The research is based on Ukrainian phraseological and explanatory dictionaries. The study employs the descriptive method, elements of component analysis, as well as observation, comparison, and systematization of linguistic material. The scientific novelty lies in the comprehensive systematization of structural and semantic features of phraseological units with the component “head”. In the course of the study, it has been established that the component “head” within phraseological units functions in both its literal and figurative meanings. Most frequently, it is associated with the designation of a person’s intellectual activity, cognitive abilities, psycho-emotional state, and behavioural patterns. The analysis reveals that the majority of these phraseological units are monosemantic; however, some units demonstrate polysemy. Particular attention has been paid to the structural and syntactic modelling of phraseological units with the component “head” in the Ukrainian language. The study identifies the main structural patterns of their formation, among which verbal phraseological units are the most productive, along with nominal and comparative constructions. It has been revealed that such units are characterized by variability and optionality of components, which ensures their structural flexibility. Furthermore, phraseological units with the component “head” most often function as simple verbal predicates, less frequently as compound nominal or verbal predicates, and in some cases, they are used as adverbial modifiers. Prospects for further research lie in the study of other phraseological microsystems with somatic components, as well as in the comparative analysis of phraseological units with the component “head” and their equivalents in other languages.
H. Matsiuk· Opera in linguistica ukraini...· 0 citations
Abstract. The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of repetition in the Russian and Arabic languages, viewed from the perspective of its structural organization and functional-communicative potential. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that repetition functions not merely as a stylistic device, but as a fundamental mechanism of text formation, ensuring semantic cohesion, compositional integrity, and expressive intensity of utterance. The multi-level nature of repetition-lexical, morphemic, syntactic, and semantic-requires systematic interpretation within contemporary linguistics, particularly in the context of cross-linguistic comparison with the Arabic rhetorical tradition. The aim of the article is to conduct a comprehensive study of repetition in the Russian language by identifying its stylistic, semantic, and communicative functions, as well as to compare the ways in which repetition is realized in Russian and Arabic. The objectives of the study include clarifying the theoretical content of the concept of “repetition” based on modern linguistic approaches; classifying its main types; analyzing their functioning in literary and academic discourse; and identifying similarities and differences in their use in the two languages under consideration. The methodological framework is based on a comparative approach incorporating elements of structural-semantic, contextual, and discourse analysis. The research material consists of texts of various genres, which makes it possible to trace both variable and stable patterns in the use of repetition. The findings demonstrate that repetition performs text-forming, expressive, and argumentative functions, while its realization in Russian and Arabic reveals both typological similarities and culturally conditioned differences. The conclusions contribute to a deeper understanding of the stylistic potential of repetition and confirm its significance for text theory, comparative stylistics, and intercultural communication.
Azzam al Ahmad Al Mogami· BULLETIN OF CHECHEN STATE...· 0 citations
This article is devoted to the study of current syntactic processes in the structure of simple sentences, based on the Kyrgyz and German languages. The focus is on complex mechanisms of sentence transformation, such as expansion, complication, combination, and deployment, as well as the processes of addition and inclusion of components. These processes are implemented through the use of determinant members and complex predicative constructions. The paper determines the significant role of optional components in increasing the information content of the utterance. Based on a systematic analysis of linguistic material, a description of general typological features and specific differences between the syntactic systems of the two languages is provided. The results contribute to the development of modern comparative-typological linguistics and the general theory of syntax.
S. Sadykova, G. Bakashova· Bulletin of Science and Prac...· 0 citations
Introduction. The article presents a systematic analysis of the semantics of phraseological units (PHE) with the somatic component нога (leg/foot) in the Russian language. The object of the study was more than 140 phraseological units obtained as a result of a continuous sample from modern phraseological dictionaries of the Russian language. The purpose of the research is to identify the totality of these phraseological units and their systematization; to identify the meanings, images and models that form their basis, and to describe their systemic organization. The research used elements of component, cognitive, and quantitative methods, as well as semantic and semiotic analysis. Results. The author identified three key semantic dominants expressed by the leg lexeme in the phraseological units under consideration: the leg as an organ of movement, the leg as a symbol of support and stability, the leg as a marker of social bottom and subordination, which are based on three main functions of the leg – motor, supporting and hierarchical. It turned out that the studied stratum of Russian phraseology has a complex system organization: within each group of linguistic means under consideration, an extensive system of semantic oppositions, as well as additional components of meanings, has been discovered and described. The main mechanisms for the realization of the symbolic meanings of a foot in the phraseological units under study are metonymy, more precisely synecdoche – the assimilation of a part to a whole (person), as well as metaphor, personification, comparison of somatic (bodily) and other cultural codes: anthropic, spatial. Conclusion. It is established that these phraseological units realize deep cultural archetypes, reflecting the body-spatial model of perception of the world, characteristic of the Russian linguistic worldview. The research results can be used in semantics, lexicology, phraseology, and semasiology courses.
A. Ivanova· Vestnik of Samara University...· 0 citations
The article examines formulaic syntactic constructions involving the postposition "կողմից" (on the part of), on the basis of publications issued by the mass media of the Republic of Armenia between 2021 and 2025. The study aims to identify the structural, semantic, and functional features of these constructions, determine the factors contributing to their spread, and assess their conformity with the syntactic patterns of Armenian. To solve the identified problems, we applied descriptive-analytical and comparative-grammatical methods.
Two principal patterns are identified: "genitive form of a noun or pronoun + կողմից + deverbal noun" and "genitive form of a personal pronoun + կողմից + substantivized infinitive." These patterns occur most frequently in media texts reflecting political, diplomatic, and official communication. Their structural and functional correspondence with equivalent Russian patterns provides grounds for interpreting them as manifestations of syntactic calquing.
The findings demonstrate that, in these constructions, the agent of the action is already expressed by the genitive form of a noun or pronoun. When used with a deverbal noun or an infinitive, these forms function as subjective genitives, identifying the person or institution to whom the corresponding action is attributed. In such cases, the postposition "կողմից" (on the part of) neither establishes a new syntactic relation nor contributes additional semantic content; instead, it duplicates the subject relation already encoded by the genitive form.
The article proposes replacing such constructions with forms of expression that conform to the internal structural principles of Armenian, namely the genitive form without an additional postposition, a finite verb form, or an explicitly expressed subject.
Nune Khachatryan· Journal of Armenian studies· 0 citations
The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of secondary predication in Russian and English with an emphasis on the adjectival type and the features of its translation. The aim of the work is to identify similarities and differences in the functioning of secondary subjective predication in the two languages and to identify strategies for its transmission in translation. The methods used are theoretical analysis of linguistic concepts, a comparative approach, and a corpus analysis of parallel texts in D. Setterfield's novel The Thirteenth Tale (353 sentences in English and 307 in Russian). The main results of the study showed that in the English-language corpus, secondary subjective predication is relatively low in the literary text (frequency ~3%). The analysis of translations revealed that in 9 out of 11 cases, the adjectival secondary predication persists without syntactic transformations, being realized in the Russian language mainly through participial and adjectival turns (semi-predication). It is noted that for the Russian language this construction is more natural due to the absence of the need for a verb-a bundle between a noun and an adjective. As a result, it is concluded that the secondary adjectival predication in Russian and English has a similar semantic nature and performs similar syntactic functions. When translating, its preservation, as a rule, does not cause difficulties due to the structural parallels between languages, which confirms the thesis about the fundamental translatability of this phenomenon.
Aleksandr I. Ermakov, Yulia N. Zintsova· LOGOΣFERA. Nizhny Novgorod h...· 0 citations
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