Jul 2026· SCIENCE TIME· Vol 4, pp. 177-181· 0 citations
Abstract
This article examines the linguistic description of compound sentences in modern English linguistics from syntactic, functional, and communicative perspectives. The study analyzes theoretical approaches proposed by prominent linguists such as N. Chomsky, G. Leech, J. Svartvik, R. Quirk, M.A.K. Halliday, R. Huddleston, and G.K. Pullum regarding the structure and formation of compound sentences. Special attention is given to coordination as a syntactic mechanism connecting independent clauses and to the derivational processes underlying the formation of compound constructions. The article explores the semantic, pragmatic, and communicative functions of compound sentences, emphasizing their role in expressing complex thoughts and maintaining coherence in discourse. Comparative observations between English and Uzbek compound sentence structures are also presented, highlighting similarities and differences in coordination, punctuation, and stylistic realization. The findings demonstrate that compound sentences represent an essential component of syntactic organization, allowing speakers to convey interconnected ideas effectively while preserving the independence of individual clauses. The study contributes to a deeper understanding of the theoretical foundations of compound sentence formation and their significance in contemporary linguistic research.
- This work presented a contrastive syntactic analysis of English and Khana clause structures in order to identify their ground similarities and differences that define the syntactic organization of the two languages. English is the most spoken world language with much attention given to it by linguists. Khana as one of the indigenous languages of Nigeria has not been particularly described at the syntactic level. As its major theoretical framework, Robert Lado’s Contrastive Analysis Theory was used while behavioral theory informed the use made of Chomsky’s Minimalist Program. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed using forty clause structures which consists of simple, copound, complex and complexcampaound sentences selected purposively from both languages and then rendered in the corresponding Khana translation. The study revealed that both English and Khana language have common features as to basic syntactic pattern such as Subject Verb-Object (SVO) sentence and clause structures. There are however, several congurational differences between them in the areas of subject verb agreement, tense/aspect markers, clause linkers, the strategies of relativization and realization of subordinate constructions leading to some of the English syntactic challenges encountered by Nigerian Anglophones and indeed all speakers of Khana as a second language. It was observed therefore that English share common structural universalities with other languages and marked differences under certain structures that make the two languages unique. Based on the findings, the paper recommends, the use of contrastive linguistics in the teaching of English language, curriculum design, translation and further describe and classifying of other indigenous Nigerian languages.
Muele-Gabriel Ewonu, Florence Nne Agwu· Iconic research and engineer...· 0 citations
Objective: This article examines the relationship between cognition and grammar through the analysis of grammatical categories embedded in phraseological units. Focusing on a corpus of [specify language, e.g., Kazakh/Russian/English] phraseological expressions drawn from literary texts and lexicographic sources, the study investigates how categories such as aspect, modality, and evaluation are encoded within fixed multiword constructions.
Methods and Materials: The research adopts a cognitive-linguistic, descriptive approach that combines elements of prototype theory with contextual and syntagmatic analyses. Phraseological units were selected based on their stability, frequency of use, and the presence of identifiable grammatical markers. The analysis proceeds along three interrelated dimensions: (1) conceptual structure, which captures underlying cognitive schemas; (2) grammatical realization, which identifies the formal expression of categories within phraseological patterns; and (3) communicative function, which examines how these units operate in discourse.
Findings: The findings show that grammatical categories in phraseological units are not merely formal features but are shaped by conventionalized cognitive models that reflect collective patterns of conceptualization. In particular, the study demonstrates that phraseological constructions preserve prototypical meanings while allowing limited variation in syntagmatic structure, thereby functioning as stable carriers of culturally embedded knowledge. Differences in the realization of grammatical categories across examples indicate that phraseological grammar operates at the intersection of fixed form and flexible interpretation.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the analysis of phraseological units provides empirical evidence for the cognitive grounding of grammatical categories, but also reveals the importance of discourse context and conventionalization in shaping their use.
F. Orazbayeva, Z. Utegulova, B. Balzia et al.· International Journal of Bod...· 0 citations
Thepaper examines the syntactic processes involved in the expression of modality in English and Fulfulde spoken in Adamawa State. The aim is to analyse how modality is structurally realised in both languages, with specific objectives to: describe the syntactic processes involved, compare their modal structures, and justify cross-linguistic variations. It is anchored on Generative Syntax, particularly the Principles and Parameters frameworkas primary and Functional Grammar as supportive which together explain both structural patterns and communicative functions of modality. A descriptive qualitative method is adopted, using elicited and naturally occurring bilingual data. The analysis focuses on modal expressions such as can, must, may, willand shall in English, and foti, doole, ndego, tammi, and -an in Fulfulde. Findings reveal that while both languages encode similar modal meanings such as ability, obligation, permission and futurity which differ in syntactic realisation. English employs auxiliary-based constructions with overt subjects and rigid word order, whereas Fulfulde uses morphologically integrated modal forms and allows subject omission. These differences are explained through parameter variation and typological distinctions. The paper concludes that modality is a universal semantic category but is realised through language-specific syntactic strategies. The findings contribute to understanding bilingual syntax and cross-linguistic variation in African contexts.
Unknown authors· SOKOTO JOURNAL OF LINGUISTIC...· 0 citations
Abstract. The article is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the phenomenon of repetition in the Russian and Arabic languages, viewed from the perspective of its structural organization and functional-communicative potential. The relevance of the topic is determined by the fact that repetition functions not merely as a stylistic device, but as a fundamental mechanism of text formation, ensuring semantic cohesion, compositional integrity, and expressive intensity of utterance. The multi-level nature of repetition-lexical, morphemic, syntactic, and semantic-requires systematic interpretation within contemporary linguistics, particularly in the context of cross-linguistic comparison with the Arabic rhetorical tradition. The aim of the article is to conduct a comprehensive study of repetition in the Russian language by identifying its stylistic, semantic, and communicative functions, as well as to compare the ways in which repetition is realized in Russian and Arabic. The objectives of the study include clarifying the theoretical content of the concept of “repetition” based on modern linguistic approaches; classifying its main types; analyzing their functioning in literary and academic discourse; and identifying similarities and differences in their use in the two languages under consideration. The methodological framework is based on a comparative approach incorporating elements of structural-semantic, contextual, and discourse analysis. The research material consists of texts of various genres, which makes it possible to trace both variable and stable patterns in the use of repetition. The findings demonstrate that repetition performs text-forming, expressive, and argumentative functions, while its realization in Russian and Arabic reveals both typological similarities and culturally conditioned differences. The conclusions contribute to a deeper understanding of the stylistic potential of repetition and confirm its significance for text theory, comparative stylistics, and intercultural communication.
Azzam al Ahmad Al Mogami· BULLETIN OF CHECHEN STATE...· 0 citations
This pilot study examines how the English adverb actually is rendered in Slovak translation, drawing on a corpus of literary texts and their translations. As a multifunctional item, actually performs a range of syntactic and pragmatic functions in context, most notably those of emphasizer and disjunct. The analysis draws on three Slovak translations of works by the same English-speaking author. Although each translator worked on a different set of books, the corpus still makes it possible to compare translation strategies within a relatively consistent authorial style and to observe how individual translators deal with the same multifunctional source item. The study combines qualitative functional analysis with quantitative observations in order to identify recurrent Slovak renderings of actually, including lexical substitution, structural reformulation, attenuation, and omission. The findings suggest that translation difficulty arises not from the lack of Slovak expressive resources, but from differences between English and Slovak in the grammatical encoding of discourse-related meaning. In particular, functions expressed in English through sentence adverbials do not always correspond to a single formal category in Slovak, which increases the likelihood of functional shift or translation loss. The study contributes to translation studies and contrastive linguistics by showing how the pragmatic contribution of a frequent multifunctional item may be preserved, reinterpreted, weakened, or omitted in translation, and how these outcomes vary across translators.
Zuzana Knižková· Studies About Languages· 0 citations
This article is devoted to the study of current syntactic processes in the structure of simple sentences, based on the Kyrgyz and German languages. The focus is on complex mechanisms of sentence transformation, such as expansion, complication, combination, and deployment, as well as the processes of addition and inclusion of components. These processes are implemented through the use of determinant members and complex predicative constructions. The paper determines the significant role of optional components in increasing the information content of the utterance. Based on a systematic analysis of linguistic material, a description of general typological features and specific differences between the syntactic systems of the two languages is provided. The results contribute to the development of modern comparative-typological linguistics and the general theory of syntax.
S. Sadykova, G. Bakashova· Bulletin of Science and Prac...· 0 citations
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