Jul 2026· International journal for development of science and technology· Vol 2, pp. 1-12· 0 citations
TL;DR
A review of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems highlights key design principles, explores mechanisms underlying controlled and targeted delivery, and discusses the growing importance of smart polymeric systems in the evolving field of nanomedicine.
Abstract
The development of nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems represents a major step forward in pharmaceutical science, with the goal of enhancing treatment effectiveness while ensuring patient safety. Among these systems, polymeric nanoparticles-especially those made from biodegradable materials-have gained considerable interest due to their biocompatibility and versatile structural properties. Through careful formulation approaches, including surface modification, appropriate polymer selection, and optimization of physicochemical properties, these carriers can achieve sustained and controlled drug release. Such controlled release helps maintain stable drug levels in the bloodstream, reduces dosing frequency, and minimizes adverse effects. Furthermore, incorporating targeting strategies allows for more precise drug delivery by promoting accumulation at specific sites of action. In addition, advanced stimuli-responsive systems introduce an extra level of regulation, enabling drug release in response to specific biological triggers like pH changes, temperature variations, or enzymatic activity. This review highlights key design principles, explores mechanisms underlying controlled and targeted delivery, and discusses the growing importance of smart polymeric systems in the evolving field of nanomedicine.
This review comprehensively examines major nanocarrier platforms, including lipid-based, polymeric, inorganic, and hybrid systems, with emphasis on their structural design and functional properties.
Nithya Ajay, Anu Shibi Anilkumar, R. Veerabathiran· Therapeutic delivery· 0 citations
Nanotechnology has become a revolutionary technology in contemporary medicine that can provide new solutions to the inefficiency of the traditional drug delivery systems. Nanoscale properties enable precise drug targeting, controlled release, enhanced bioavailability, and reduced systemic toxicity. The review gives a general description of drug delivery systems that are based on nanotechnology, with liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, solid lipid nanoparticles, and metallic nanoparticles being the main examples of nanocarriers. Critical discussions are made of their design strategies, drug loading capacities, release mechanisms and therapeutic advantages. In addition, more recent technological developments in the areas of targeted delivery, such as ligand-mediated delivery and stimuli-responsive systems, are discussed in the treatment of various diseases in cancer, infections, and neurological conditions. Despite significant advancements, there are still issues of toxicity, stability, large-scale production, and regulatory issues, which are impediments to clinical translation. In general, the field of nanotechnology offers a potential platform in improving therapeutic efficacy and development of biomaterial-based medical applications.
Shalini Tiwari, S. Kotnala, Rohinee Bhandari et al.· Trends in Biomaterials & Art...· 0 citations
Overall, this review shows that nanofiber-based drug delivery systems have significant advantages over conventional dosage forms and demonstrate considerable potential for next-generation therapies and pharmaceutical products with systematic formulation optimization, standardized characterization protocols, and clinically relevant evaluation strategies.
P. S. Patil, P. Pawar· Current Nanomaterials· 0 citations
Poor aqueous solubility is a major limitation in pharmaceutical development, affecting nearly 40% of approved drugs and up to 90% of drug candidates in the discovery pipeline. Low solubility directly compromises oral bioavailability, therapeutic effectiveness, dose proportionality, and clinical reproducibility, particularly for drugs classified under Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) Classes II and IV. To address these challenges, formulation science has advanced significantly over the past two decades. This review critically evaluates recent progress from 2022 to 2025 in three major technological approaches: solid dispersions, lipid-based formulations, and nanotechnology-enabled drug delivery systems. Emphasis is placed on mechanistic principles governing solubility enhancement, formulation design strategies, in vivo performance outcomes, and translational considerations. Emerging hybrid platforms that integrate polymers, lipids, and nanocarriers are also discussed, as they demonstrate synergistic improvements in dissolution rate, permeability, and systemic exposure, often achieving 3-7 fold enhancement in oral bioavailability. In addition, the evolving regulatory landscape for complex and nanotechnology-based formulations is examined, highlighting current expectations for characterization, stability, and safety evaluation. Overall, this review provides an updated and integrated perspective on formulation strategies for poorly soluble drugs, offering practical insights for both academic research and industrial development.
R. Srivastava, C. K. Gupta· Journal of Pharmaceutical Re...· 0 citations
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have emerged as versatile nanocarriers for biomedical applications because of their unique physicochemical properties, including high surface area, large pore volume, excellent drug-loading capacity, controllable biodegradation, and facile surface functionalization. These characteristics have enabled the development of advanced drug delivery systems with enhanced therapeutic efficacy, targeted delivery, improved bioavailability, and reduced systemic toxicity. Recent advances in MSN synthesis, physicochemical properties, surface engineering, and functionalization strategies have significantly improved their biological performance and therapeutic potential. In particular, integrating polymers, lipids, and liposomes with MSN platforms has enhanced colloidal stability, circulation time, cellular uptake, and target specificity, thereby facilitating efficient, stimuli-responsive drug delivery. This review highlights MSN-based drug delivery systems in cancer therapy, where multifunctional nanocarriers enable site-specific delivery, controlled drug release, enhanced tumor accumulation, and reduced off-target effects. The review discusses the expanding roles of MSNs in antimicrobial therapy, wound healing, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine, emphasizing their ability to promote localized therapeutic delivery, immunomodulation, angiogenesis, and tissue regeneration. The review discusses the diagnostic and theragnostic capabilities of MSNs for disease imaging and monitoring. It also critically evaluates current challenges related to biocompatibility, biodegradation, toxicity, biological barriers, large-scale manufacturing, clinical translation, and regulatory considerations. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress, current limitations, and future opportunities for MSN-based platforms in targeted drug delivery and advanced biomedical applications, supporting their continued advancement toward clinical translation and precision medicine.
Manickam Rajkumar, N. Prathap, V. Kashid et al.· Pharmaceutics· 0 citations
Controlled and sustained drug delivery has emerged as a transformative strategy for overcoming the limitations of conventional pharmaceutical formulations, including poor bioavailability, rapid drug clearance, systemic toxicity, and non-specific distribution. Among the numerous delivery platforms investigated, polymeric nanocomposite carriers have attracted considerable attention because they integrate the excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and processability of polymers with the unique physicochemical, mechanical, optical, magnetic, and therapeutic properties of inorganic nanomaterials. This review provides a comprehensive and critical evaluation of recent advances in polymeric nanocomposite-based drug delivery systems, highlighting the synergistic interactions between natural and synthetic polymers and a broad spectrum of nanofillers, including metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials, nanoclays, mesoporous materials, and electrospun nanofibers. The influence of nanocomposite composition, fabrication strategies, and physicochemical characteristics on drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, release kinetics, targeting capability, and biological performance is systematically discussed. Furthermore, representative therapeutic applications in cancer therapy, wound healing, antimicrobial treatment, tissue engineering, neurological disorders, and regenerative medicine are critically compared to establish structure–property–performance relationships. This review primarily summarizes individual carrier systems, preparation methods, release mechanisms, and biomedical applications into a unified framework while identifying current limitations related to nanoparticle aggregation, long-term biocompatibility, biodegradation, large-scale manufacturing, regulatory approval, and clinical translation. This review provides valuable insights for researchers working on the rational design of advanced polymeric nanocomposites with enhanced therapeutic efficacy, improved safety, and accelerated clinical applicability.
M. Samy· Kompleksnoe Ispolzovanie Min...· 0 citations
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