AI Networking Cookbook: Practical recipes for AI-assisted network automation and development
TL;DR
Co-administration of CoQ10 mitigates MSG-induced nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress, suggesting its potential therapeutic application in protecting renal function against dietary MSG exposure.
This study provides the first demonstration that asiatic acid exerts robust systemic antioxidative, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective effects against CPF-induced toxicity, highlighting AA’s therapeutic potential for mitigating organophosphate pesticide poisoning.
BackgroundFood additives such as monosodium glutamate (MSG), sodium benzoate (SB), and Sunset Yellow (SY) are widely consumed and have been linked to adverse hepatic effects. However, the available evidence is largely derived from in vitro or single-additive studies, with limited comparative in vivo data integrating biochemical and histopathological outcomes under uniform experimental conditions.ObjectiveThis study compared the hepatotoxic effects of MSG, SB, and SY in a Wistar rat model to address gaps in controlled in vivo evidence on multiple food additives.MethodsSixteen healthy Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups. The control group received a standard diet, while Groups II–IV received MSG, SB, and SY respectively. Hepatotoxicity was assessed by measuring serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, together with histopathological examination of liver tissue.ResultsThe MSG and SB significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels compared with controls (p < 0.05), indicating hepatocellular and cholestatic injury. Sunset Yellow did not significantly alter ALT levels (p = 0.074) but showed mild histopathological changes.ConclusionBoth MSG and SB exhibited greater hepatotoxic effects than SY in Wistar rats. These findings highlight the need for routine safety re-evaluation of commonly consumed food additives, strengthened regulatory oversight, and further long-term studies to inform evidence-based public health policies.Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2026;9(2):327-341
Overall, chrysin demonstrates potent protective potential against PFOA-induced liver injury and may serve as a promising therapeutic candidate for environmental toxin-associated hepatotoxicity.
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are plant toxins of increasing concern due to their toxic and carcinogenic properties. While the hepatotoxic effects of PAs are well established, limited information is available regarding oxidative stress–related damage in extrahepatic tissues. This study aimed to determine alterations associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis in plasma, lung, and kidney tissues following acute and subacute exposure to monocrotaline (MCT) in mice. Thirty male BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to three groups: control, acute exposure, and subacute exposure. The control group received saline, the acute exposure group received a single dose of 120 mg/kg MCT, and the subacute exposure group received the same dose three times at five-day intervals. Plasma, lung, and kidney samples were collected for biochemical and molecular analyses. Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) levels were measured using a spectrophotometric method in plasma and tissue samples. Furthermore, plasma total thiol (TT), native thiol (NT), and disulfide (DD) levels were determined. The expression levels of BAX and BCL-2 genes in lung and kidney tissues were assessed using qPCR. MCT exposure significantly increased plasma TOS and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels in both exposure groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05). In lung tissue, TOS and OSI levels were significantly elevated, whereas TAS showed a non-significant increase. In kidney tissue, only TOS levels were significantly increased. Plasma NT levels were significantly decreased (P < 0.001), while DD levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05). In addition, BAX expression increased and the BCL-2/BAX ratio decreased in lung and kidney tissues, indicating a shift toward a pro-apoptotic state. In conclusion, MCT induces marked oxidative stress in lung and kidney tissues and promotes apoptotic signaling, suggesting that PA toxicity involves systemic and extrahepatic organ damage through oxidative imbalance.
DHDA exhibits significant antihyperglycaemic, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective effects in diabetic rats, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for diabetes-associated liver injury.
We use cookies to run the site and, with your consent, for analytics and to show ads. See our Cookie Policy.