Skip to content

Negotiating Cultural (Un) translatability in Devkota’s Pagal and The Lunatic

Jul 2026 · Academia Research Journal · Vol 5, pp. 72-77 · 0 citations · 12 references

Abstract

The translation of Devkota’s Pagal into The Lunatic by himself is an equivalent linguistic transfer from source to the target language. The paper observes the literary gaps in the course of linguistic transfer between the Pagal and its English translation. The transfer of its cultural, emotional, religious and spiritual uniqueness has created a negotiating space to the target reader. Therefore, the English version of Pagal struggles to carry the essence of the poet’s experience in its fullest form. The paper adopts translation approaches, methods and theories as a conceptual frame under a qualitative approach. Clifford E. Lander’s view in literary translation, Jiri Levi’s ‘On the Poetics of Translation’, and Anthony Appiah’s theory of ‘Thick Translation’ serve as the major conceptual gateway to assess Devkota poem and its translated equivalence. The study unfolds the compromise presented in the target text, contending the cultural, religious, emotional and spirituals nuances which remain partially transferable. The English version of ‘Pagal’ proves as a creative reimagination of its original, not merely a linguistic transfer of Pagal. The representation of linguistic richness, religious annotations, and emotional dynamics is under- question and carves a new space in translation. Interestingly, even in auto-translation, the target text fails to capture the multilayered meaning, linguistic/literary nuances; therefore, a complete literary translation is impossible.

View source

Similar papers

Open access Aug 2026

METAPHORS AND SOCIO-CULTURAL VALUES IN CHINA’S PRESS STATEMENT TRANSLATION

In real practice, political text translations are in line with a country’s main foreign policies. Thus, an in-depth understanding on communicative strategies employed in translating political texts, e.g. press statements, is essential. The paper analyses the translation of press statements from the Source Text (Mandarin Chinese) into the Target Texts (English and Indonesian). To elaborate, this study uses van Dijk’s Political Discourse Analysis at the macro (contexts) and micro (texts) levels. By considering Newmark’s equivalent translation concept, as well as metaphor and annotated translations, the analysis reveals that the translation from China’s perspective uses metaphors and China’s socio-cultural values within the techniques of (i) equivalency of message and form, and (ii) active- passive. Overall, this study will be beneficial for analysts, translators, and the public who are curious about studies on the translation of press statements delivered by the Chinese Minister for Foreign Affairs.

A. N. V. Hutabarat · 0 citations
Jul 2026

Nanhī Jal Parī: A Hermeneutic Reading of Urdu Translations of “The Little Mermaid”

The article studies Urdu translations of Hans Christian Andersen’s famous fairy tale “The Little Mermaid” with the help of Lawrence Venuti’s hermeneutic model, which conceives of translation not in terms of fidelity to a source text, but as an interpretive act in which a translator uses interpretants to transform a source text according to the receiving culture’s preferences. While every translation domesticates a source text, for Venuti, a translation can produce either a domesticating or a foreignizing effect depending on the linguistic resources from which a translator draws their interpretants. For clarity, I propose to replace the terms “domesticating effect” and “foreignizing effect” with “conforming effect” and “non-conforming effect” respectively. I argue that Urdu translators draw their interpretants from dominant linguistic and cultural resources as a result of which these translations produce conforming effects, maintaining the status quo and reinforcing the linguistic and cultural standards in Urdu.

Mushtaq Bilal · 0 citations
Open access Jul 2026

Realia of Russian Culture in Tolstoy’s Anna Karenina and their Translation

This article explores the translation of Russian cultural realia in Leo Tolstoy’s "Anna Karenina"and their interpretation in English versions. The study focuses on four major categories of cultural realia: everyday life, social hierarchy, religious practices, and symbolic elements. The central problem lies in the fact that translating such realia goes beyond lexical substitution and becomes an act of intercultural communication, where the translator’s choices determine whether the national identity is preserved or lost. The aim of the research is to identify the specific strategies used by Constance Garnett (1901) and Richard Pevear and Larissa Volokhonsky (2004) in rendering cultural realia, and to assess how adaptation versus preservation influences the perception of the novel in the English-speaking world. The analysis reveals that Garnett employed domestication, replacing Russian realia with familiar analogues (tea-urn, count, christening), which facilitated comprehension but reduced authenticity. In contrast, Pevear and Volokhonsky retained original terms (samovar, graf, moleben, troika), creating a sense of foreignness while preserving cultural specificity. The findings confirm Vlakhov and Florin’s thesis that the translation of realia is a “test for the translator.” The choice between adaptation and preservation directly shapes the image of Russia in the minds of foreign readers. Thus, the translation of cultural realia in Anna Karenina functions not merely as a literary task but as a medium of intercultural dialogue, influencing the transmission of national identity across linguistic boundaries.

A. Vlasova · 0 citations
Review Open access 2026

Cross-Cultural Analysis of Honorific Translation and Interpersonal Meaning in the English Subtitles of Empresses in the Palace

— With the global dissemination of Chinese palace dramas, the honorifics employed in these series reflect the hierarchical social structures of imperial China. To ensure target audiences comprehend the hierarchical relationships and plot developments embedded in these linguistic forms, the translation of honorifics has become a critical concern. The American version of Empresses in the Palace features a well-defined honorific system, making its official English subtitles particularly representative for examining interpersonal meaning transmission. This study employs a combined methodology of literature review and case study, establishing an integrated theoretical framework drawing on Halliday ’ s Systemic Functional Linguistics and Brown & Levinson ’ s Face Theory. Using the official American subtitles as corpus data, this research analyzes translation strategies for honorifics and the cross-cultural transmission of interpersonal meaning, investigating how translators reconstruct comprehensible “ face mechanisms ” for target audiences. This framework offers analytical support for honorific translation in palace dramas, while the summarized strategies provide practical guidance for similar subtitle translation projects.

Peiying Deng · 0 citations
Open access 2026

Shamanistic Religious Narratives in English Translation: A Study of Evenki Shamanic Elements in Bruce Humes’s Translation of The Last Quarter of the Moon

The Last Quarter of the Moon is a classic work of contemporary Chinese ethnic minority literature. It chronicles the century-long migration history of the Evenki hunting tribe and richly incorporates the religious narratives of Evenki shamanism. Its English translation has gained wide recognition overseas; however, current research lacks a specialized investigation into how these shamanistic religious narratives have been rendered in English. The present study focuses on Humes’s English translation of The Last Quarter of the Moon. Through comparative textual analysis, it examines the translator’s strategies from three dimensions: deity names, sacrificial rituals, and cosmology. The findings show that Humes adopted different translation strategies depending on the type of religious elements. For shamanistic deity names, he combined transliteration with annotation or literal translation to preserve local cultural symbols. For ritual and religious object descriptions, he used cultural addition and semantic explicitation to address overseas readers’ cognitive gaps. For metaphors that embody Evenki shamanistic cosmology and views of life and death, he avoided assimilating them into western religious imagery, retaining the original metaphorical expressions. Taken together, these strategies balance cultural authenticity with reader acceptability, accurately conveying the essence of Evenki shamanism while offering a reference for translating ethnic religious literature into English.

Furong Liu · 0 citations
Open access Jul 2026

Constructing Socialist Thought through Translation: Alâeddin Şenel and the Politics of Activist Translation in Türkiye

This study examines how activist translation practice has been utilized to disseminate socialist ideology and related concepts in Türkiye through the case of Alâeddin Şenel. The theoretical framework of the study is twofold. First, as a historiographical method, it employs microhistory. This approach makes it possible to focus on ordinary people and supplement the missing fragments of historical processes that are typically viewed through a macro lens. The second pillar of the theoretical basis consists of Pierre Bourdieu's sociological concepts, specifically habitus, field, and capital. Rather than presenting a mere compilation of biographical details, these concepts enable a systematic analysis of Şenel’s role as an activist translator. Activist translation is a concept with fluid boundaries and has been practised by translators in various ways throughout history. The strategic selection of texts for translation, aimed at establishing a canon without manipulating content, can be considered a form of activist translation. Şenel, who translated books authored by Marxist and socialist writers whose works have been dominated by historical materialism, appears to have aimed not only to construct an alternative intellectual framework for Turkish readers but also to contribute to the global struggle against dominant historical, political, and social discourses. The case of Şenel demonstrates that translation can be conceived as a strategic ‘front’ within the ideological struggle. Ultimately, this study illustrates that advocates of socialism in Türkiye, despite never constituting a dominant political trend, were not merely passive supporters, but waged a quiet struggle to disseminate their ideologies.

Barbaros Uzunköprü, Neslihan Demez · 0 citations

We use cookies to run the site and, with your consent, for analytics and to show ads. See our Cookie Policy.