Aug 2026· International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics· 0 citations
Abstract
Accurate assessment of the shear buckling behavior of steel beams is essential for ensuring the safety and reliability of steel structures. This study proposes an integrated geometric and mechanical digital twin (DT) framework for the assessment and prediction of shear buckling behavior in steel beams. Steel beams tested to shear buckling failure are taken as the physical entities, whereas the corresponding high-fidelity finite element (FE) models reconstructed from 3D laser-scanned point cloud data are regarded as the virtual entities. A geometric DT is first established to explicitly capture the as-measured initial geometric imperfections of the web. Based on sensitivity analysis and particle swarm optimization, the measured mid-span deflection, web out-of-plane displacement, and strain responses collected from the physical entity are fused with the virtual entity to establish a mechanical DT, thereby reducing mechanical uncertainties and improving physical-virtual consistency. The developed DT is finally used for shear buckling assessment and prediction. The results demonstrate that the proposed framework is both feasible and effective, significantly enhancing the accuracy and robustness of structural performance assessment.
To reduce the modeling effort and computational cost of assembled composite shear walls with C-shaped steel frames in global structural analysis, this study proposes an engineering-oriented simplified mechanical analysis method. Three representative specimens—a C-shaped steel-frame composite shear wall (CSCSW), a rectangular steel-frame composite shear wall (RSCSW), and a T-shaped, C-shaped steel-frame composite shear wall with a vertical connection (VTCSWC)—are decomposed into functional modules according to their load-transfer mechanisms. Simplified models comprising axial springs, diagonal braces, and a modified three-vertical-line-element model are established. Degrading bilinear Clough and trilinear Takeda models are adopted as the restoring-force relationships, and the governing parameters are determined through mechanical equilibrium analyses. The three simplified wall models are implemented in OpenSees to obtain hysteresis curves, skeleton curves, and stiffness-degradation responses. Comparisons with quasi-static test results show that the errors in peak load and secant stiffness are both within 10%, while the models reproduce the stiffness degradation and pinching characteristics of the specimens. Relative to refined three-dimensional solid finite element models, the proposed approach substantially reduces computational cost without compromising engineering accuracy, providing an efficient tool for structural design and seismic performance assessment of assembled C-shaped steel-framed composite shear-wall systems.
Xuan Mo, Dan Liang, Fali Guo et al.· Buildings· 0 citations
In high-strength steel structures, local plate buckling is a critical concern due to the slenderness of plate elements. This study experimentally and numerically investigated the local buckling analysis of Q550 high-strength steel stiffened plates with T-ribs under compression. Five specimens with different base-plate slenderness were fabricated and subjected to uniaxial compression loading tests. The base plate of all specimens exhibited significant local out-of-plane deformation, and the T-ribs experienced varying degrees of in-plane and out-of-plane deformations. The buckling strength of the specimens decreases with increasing base-plate slenderness. The residual stresses and initial geometric imperfections of the high-strength steel stiffened plate were experimentally measured. Finite element (FE) models incorporating the residual stresses and initial geometric imperfections were established to simulate the buckling behavior of the stiffened plates. The FE models were validated against the experimental results and a parametric study was further conducted. The numerical results indicate that both residual stresses and initial geometric imperfections have a moderate influence on the buckling strength. Furthermore, the formulations in several national design codes used to account for local buckling effects were evaluated. The Eurocode provides approximate predictions, while the Chinese code and Japanese code provide conservative estimations.
Peng Chen, Qingtian Su, Yongcheng Lu et al.· Infrastructures· 0 citations
This study investigates the failure behavior of buried steel-reinforced polyethylene (SRPE) pipelines crossing strike-slip faults. A high-fidelity three-dimensional pipe-soil interaction model is established using the finite element method, and layered modeling with tie constraints is adopted to replicate the synergistic mechanical characteristics between the PE matrix and steel frame. The effects of pipe-fault intersection angle, steel wire diameter, and soil type on the mechanical response, buckling morphology, and critical strain of the pipeline are systematically examined, and the applicability of three design codes (CSA Z662-2023, GB 50470−2017, EN 13476−3) is quantitatively evaluated. The results show that SRPE pipelines exhibit a three-stage mechanical behavior under fault displacement: elastic bending at small displacement, plastic buckling propagation at moderate displacement, and sectional distortion with global instability at large displacement. The steel frame and PE matrix form an efficient synergistic mechanism featured by “matrix energy dissipation and frame load-bearing”, where failure initiates from plastic deformation of the PE matrix and further induces steel frame yielding and pipeline leakage. The pipe-fault angle dominates the loading pattern: tension is dominant at 30°, while transverse compression at 150° represents the most hazardous condition. The optimal wire diameter ranges from 2.0 to2.5mm; loess provides the strongest constraint, whereas sand is the weakest. Conventional constant strain criteria neglect the angle effect and show obvious limitations in engineering practice. The findings provide significant theoretical support for the seismic design and safety assessment of SRPE pipelines crossing active fault zones.
The skin panel of the fuselage is one of the main parts of a transport plane's semi-monocoque airframe that bears the weight of the plane and must be as lightweight as possible while still withstanding cabin pressurization loads, inertia loads while in flight, and compressive loading caused by the plane bending without buckling. Using the same loading and support configuration, this paper compares the static structural and free-vibration (modal) response of three candidate metallic materials: structural steel, grey cast iron, and titanium alloy. The evaluation is based on finite element modeling of a representative fuselage skin panel. A distributed pressure load, which represents in-service aerodynamic and cabin loads, was applied to the panel's boundary and the geometry was created in CATIA V5. The analysis was conducted in ANSYS Workbench. Out of the three contenders, titanium alloy had the best dynamic performance and stiffnessto-weight ratio, with the lowest maximum total deformation (14.657 mm) and maximum equivalent elastic strain (6.83 × 10⁻³ mm/mm). It also had the highest natural frequencies across all six extracted modes. Grey cast iron had the most deformation (70.844 mm) and strain, making it the least suited for this application, while structural steel exhibited the greatest peak equivalent (von Mises) stress (1358.1 MPa) and the second-highest deformation (25.762 mm). Later on, the panel was subjected to an additional linear buckling test with Aluminium Alloy 7075 at a maximum cabin design pressure of 4000 kPa and an inertia load factor of 7 grams. The peak stress that resulted was 2.1696 MPa, which was well within the elastic limit of the material. The eigenvalue buckling solution verified a load-multiplier margin that was significantly higher than the design requirement. Aluminum Alloy 7075 was found to be structurally adequate against both pressurization stress and buckling instability for the load case under consideration, and titanium alloy was found to be the most suitable of the three metallic systems tested for stiffness-critical fuselage panel applications.
K. Vaibhav, B. Rani· International Journal of AI...· 0 citations
Accurate prediction of cutting forces remains a key challenge in metal machining due to the strong coupling between geometry, material behavior, friction, and thermal effects, which limits the generality of purely empirical models. In this study, physically interpretable models with predictive capability for cutting and thrust forces are developed for orthogonal cutting of AISI 1045 steel using a dimensional analysis framework based on the Buckingham Π theorem. Experimental data collected from the literature are used to construct dimensionless formulations incorporating geometrical, kinematic, mechanical, and thermal parameters. The proposed models are calibrated and evaluated using statistical performance metrics and residual analysis, and subsequently validated against independent experimental datasets not used during model development. A correction factor associated with the tool–chip contact length is optimized during validation to improve predictive accuracy. Results show that both force components can be consistently represented through a reduced set of governing dimensionless groups, providing physically meaningful scaling across a wide range of cutting conditions. The validation results confirm the robustness of the proposed formulation, while also revealing different sensitivities of cutting and thrust forces to contact, thermal, and geometrical effects. A physical interpretation of the dimensionless groups is presented, framing the machining process as a case of severe plastic deformation under high strain rates and strong thermomechanical coupling. The study demonstrates that dimensional analysis offers a physically consistent, scalable, and transferable approach for modeling cutting forces, with potential applicability to other materials and machining configurations.
Fernando Ramírez-Paredes, Juan Carlos Paz, E. Lema· Machines· 0 citations
Buried steel frame-reinforced polyethylene (SRPE) pipelines are vulnerable to bending-compression buckling, sectional distortion, and tensile rupture when crossing reverse faults. Nevertheless, their multi-mode failure mechanisms and strain evaluation frameworks have not been systematically clarified. Given this challenge, a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element model considering pipe–soil contact, material elasto-plasticity, and large deformation is established in this study to investigate the deformation characteristics, strain evolution, and buckling performance of SRPE pipelines under reverse fault inclination angles from 0° to 150°. The effects of internal pressure, steel frame diameter, and soil properties on pipeline mechanical behavior are analyzed, with the results being compared with the strain limits specified in the GB 50470-2017, CSA Z662-2023, and EN 13476-3 standards. The pipeline is subjected to a three-stage failure process involving local compressive buckling, overall bending, and tensile necking. Notably, coupled bending-compression failure is typical at low inclination angles, while high angles are dominated by shear-tension coupling. Excessive internal pressure increases the local buckling and concentration of compressive strains. An increase in the steel frame diameter contributes to an effective improvement in the buckling resistance. When the soil has higher cohesion and stiffness, the critical buckling displacement becomes larger. The standard constant strain limits currently adopted do not account for the transition in failure mode arising from inclination control and are therefore overly conservative for SRPE pipelines. This study provides a theoretical foundation and quantitative reference for the seismic design and safety assessment of SRPE pipelines crossing reverse fault zones.
