Comparative assessment of GNSS- and GACOS-based tropospheric corrections for InSAR-derived surface deformation: a case study of the 2020 Elazığ–Sivrice earthquake

Addressing InSAR long wavelength errors enhances the reliability of GNSS and InSAR combined 3D deformation estimation: methodology and application to the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake

Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) deformation measurements are susceptible to long wavelength errors, yet existing geometric and strain models for estimating three-dimensional (3D) deformation from combined Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and InSAR observations do not explicitly account for t...

An evaluation of global ionosphere maps for the ionospheric correction of C-band InSAR data

Quantifying spatiotemporal land subsidence rates and deformation hotspots using integrated GNSS and InSAR in Nakuru County, Kenya

Land subsidence is an emerging environmental and geohazard challenge in groundwater-dependent and tectonically active regions. This study quantified the spatiotemporal distribution of land subsidence in Nakuru County, Kenya, between 2014 and 2024 using an integrated Persistent Scatterer–Small Baseline Subset (PS–SBAS)...

Quality Control of GNSS/Leveling-Derived Geoid Heights and Implications for LiDAR-Based Coastal Low-Elevation Classification

Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)/leveling-derived observed geoid heights are widely used to validate gravimetric geoid models and to construct hybrid geoid models for practical height transformation. However, in tectonically active and subsidence-prone regions, these observations may contain errors caused by v...

A novel real-time PPP-AR framework for continuous crustal deformation monitoring across Japan

Kinematic precise point positioning (PPP) is a powerful technique for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-based real-time crustal deformation monitoring. However, PPP float solutions are often affected by sub-daily periodic fluctuations, caused by orbit errors and atmospheric delays, thereby motivating the adopti...

Triple Collocation Analysis of GNSS, MWR, and Radiosonde Water Vapor Retrievals Across Dry and Wet Seasons: A 2025–26 Analysis at Nicosia, Cyprus

Integrated Water Vapor (IWV) is a key indicator of atmospheric moisture, and its accurate quantification requires precise characterization of the errors inherent to each observing system, a task complicated by the absence of a true, error-free atmospheric reference. This study characterizes the absolute error structure...