Assessment of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) Knowledge and Acceptability in Children between 3-59 Months Living in North Cameroon: A Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

ABSTRACT Malaria is a significant challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, especially in Cameroon, where children under 5 years of age are disproportionately affected. The WHO recommends seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) for children aged 3-59 months in areas of high seasonal transmission. Conducted in northern Cameroon from December 2021 to June 2022, this cross-sectional study aimed to assess SMC acceptability among parents of children under 5. Structured questionnaires collected data from 58 households on sociodemographic, malaria and SMC knowledge, insecticide-treated net (ITN) utilization, child malaria positivity, and SMC acceptability. Logistic regression identified predictors of SMC acceptability. Respondents from 58 households, mostly with secondary education, showed high awareness of malaria and SMC and good preventive knowledge. ITN utilization varied. A total of 68.97% of the children tested for malaria were negative. Overall, 67.24% accepted SMC, with education and SMC knowledge as significant predictors. This study highlights the acceptability of SMC among parents of children under 5 in northern Cameroon. Achieving full SMC coverage and adherence remains challenging despite widespread awareness. Considering factors such as education and SMC knowledge, targeted interventions are crucial for reducing the malaria burden in this vulnerable population. Keywords: Malaria, Seasonal Malaria chemoprevention, Cameroon, Children under 5. Acceptability.